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Effect of Leaf Biomass of Different Agroforest Trees on the Prevalence of Insects and Yield of Rice Cv. Br11

Dil Atia Parvin
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

T.M. Zakaria
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.K. Hasan
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

G.M. Mujibar Rahman
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry field laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from July to November 2006 to find out the effect of tree leaf biomass and inorganic fertilizers on the prevalence of insect pests and yield of rice cv. BR11. A total of 17 treatments comprises with the leaf biomass of rain tree (Albizia saman), kalokoroi (Albizia lebbeck), mahogoni (Swietenia macrophylla), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camuldulensis), ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala), minjiri (Cassia siamea) and akashmoni (Acacia auriculiformis) alone or in combination with different levels of fertilizers were accommodated in a Randomized Complete Block design with three replications.. The result showed that different treatments significantly influenced the yield and yield contributing components viz. plant height, panicle length, effective tillers hill^-1, filled spikelets panicle-1 and grain yield. The maximum (5.58 t ha-1) yield was recorded in treatment B10 (Ipil-ipil + recommended fertilizer dose). This yield increase was 62.68% higher compared to lowest yield obtained in B13 (Akashmoni) and 37% higher than the control where only recommended fertilizer dose was used without leaf biomass. The highest prevalence of green leaf hopper (17.67), % damaged leaves (24.01) and % white head (29.11) was observed in the treatment B16 (10% higher of recommended fertilizer dose) where the lowest prevalence of green leaf hopper (5.33), % damaged leaves (9.31) was found in B12 (Minjiri + recommended fertilizer dose) and % white head (14.52) in B10. There was no significant effect on the prevalence of brown plant hopper and rice bug. The study suggested that the use of ipil-ipil or minjiri leaf biomass with recommended fertilizer dose may produce better yield and minimize the insect prevalence in rice field.

Keywords: Tree leaf biomass, Fertilizer, Yield, Insect Prevalence, Rice

Location: Agroforestry Farm, Department of Agroforestry

Start Date: 00-07-2006

End Date: 00-11-2006

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

1. To find out the effect of tree leaf biomass and inorganic fertilizers on the prevalence of insect pests and yield of rice cv. BR11.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the Agroforestry Farm, Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during aman season of 2006. The experimental area experiences a sub tropical climate and belonged to Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (AEZ 9). It is characterized by non-calcareous dark grey flood plain soil having pH value from 6.5 to 6.8. The soil texture is silty with average organic matter content of 1.14%, total nitrogen 0.085% and C / N ratio 13:5. The tested rice variety was BR11 (Mukta). The leaf biomass of raintree, kalokoroi, mahogoni, eucalyptus, ipil-ipil, minjiri and akashmoni were used alone or in combination with different levels of inorganic fertilizers (recommended dose, 10% higher and 10% lower of recommended dose) as treatments. The experiment was carried out in RCBD with three replications. The leaf biomass was incorporated in the plots @ 5 t ha^-1 before 15 days of transplanting and recommended dose of fertilizers according to BRRI finding was Urea-TSP-MP-Gypsum-ZnSO₄@ 180-100-70-60-10 kg ha^-1. The leaf biomass were collected from locally grown tress and dried prior to incorporation according to the treatments and then left to decompose. Thirty five days old seedlings were transplanted with 15 X 25 cm spacing. No fungicide and pesticide were used to control pest diseases. Five major insect species were undertaken into consideration. Sweep net sampling is the most common method of sampling leafhopper adults. In each plot, 5 sweeps were made in cross-section. The collected sample was stored in a jar and counted in the laboratory, To assess rice bug prevalence morning time was chosen because they are not active at that time. By choosing 4 different sites in each plot the number of bugs was recorded. The prevalence of leaf folder was assessed based on the percentage of leaves infested. For this, 5 hills were selected randomly in each plot and numbers of leaf folder infested leaves were recorded. The prevalence of stem borer was determined based on the percentage of white head. Five hills were selected randomly in each plot and numbers of white heads were recorded. The crop was harvested at its full maturity. The plants of individual treatment as tagged previously were separately harvested and threshed. Data were taken on plant height, no. effective tillers hill^-1, panicle length, filled spikelets panicle^-1, 1000-grain weight and grain yield. The data collected throughout the period of the experiment were computed and analyzed following the appropriate design of the experiment. Duncan’s multiple range tests (DMRT) were done in order to show the significant differences between the treatment means.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 1(2): 59-62, 2007 ; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest prevalence of green leaf hopper (17.67), % damaged leaves (24.01) and % white head (29.11) was observed in the treatment B16 (10% higher of recommended fertilizer dose) where the lowest prevalence of green leaf hopper (5.33), % damaged leaves (9.31) was found in B12 (Minjiri + recommended fertilizer dose) and % white head (14.52) in B10. There was no significant effect on the prevalence of brown plant hopper and rice bug. The study suggested that the use of ipil-ipil or minjiri leaf biomass with recommended fertilizer dose may produce better yield and minimize the insect prevalence in rice field.

Knowledge Management: Journal