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An Overview of Fisheries Sector of Bangladesh

Mostafa Ali Reza Hossain
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Bangladesh is endowed with a vast expanse of inland open waters characterized by rivers, canals, natural and man-made lakes, freshwater marshes, estuaries, brackish water impoundment and floodplain. The potential fish resources resulting from these are among the richest in the world; in production, only China and India outrank Bangladesh. The inland fish diversity of is attributed to the habitats created by the Bengal Delta wetlands and the confluence of the Brahmaputra, Ganges and Jamuna rivers that flow from the Himalayan Mountains into the Bay of Bengal. There are, however, serious concerns surrounding the slow decline in the condition of open water fish stocks which have been negatively impacted upon through a series of natural and anthropogenic induced changes including large scale abstraction of water for irrigation and the construction of water barrages and dams, human activity resulting in the over exploitation of stocks, the unregulated introduction of exotic stocks and pollution from industry. Also, natural phenomena, regular flooding etc. cause rivers to continually change course creating complications of soil erosion or over siltation of waterways. As a consequence, many Bangladeshi species are either critically endangered or extinct. Aquaculture has increasingly been playing a major role in total fish production of the country and presently more than half of the total production comes from aquaculture. The sector provides living and livelihood for more than 11% people of the country. If the available resources are used sustainably with proper technological assistance, fish produced from aquaculture would efficiently meet the protein demand of growing population of the country. The needs of Bangladesh’s poor fisher community to eat what they catch and lack of a legal legislative framework means the situation can only worsen. Hope, however, is offered through several new conservation initiatives including the establishment of fish sanctuaries at strategic points in rivers and floodplain, concerted breeding programmes and the maintenance of captive stocks and cryogenically stored materials.

Keywords: Fisheries, Aquaculture, Diversity, Bangladesh.

Location: BAU, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

To determine the factors to develop fisheries sectors of Bangladesh

Methodology:

This is a review paper and discussed details on the following sub-tropics, such as: Fish And Bangladesh, Key Water Bodies And Their Status (The Floodplain, The Rivers, The Beels, The Haors, The Baors, The Ponds and Ditches), Present Status Of Fish Diversity, The Major Causes Of Loss Of Fish Biodiversity, The Background Of Aquaculture In Bangladesh, Domestication Of Fish For Aquaculture, Introduction Of Exotic Fish In The Name Of Aquaculture, Present Status Of Aquaculture In Bangladesh, Aquaculture Growth, Aquaculture Livelihood, Climate Change Impacts On Overall Setting, Climate Change And Fish Sector, And The Conservation Measures.

Source of Information: Res. Agric., Livest. Fish. Vol. 1, No. 1, December 2014: 109-126

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The crucial step for Bangladesh now is to address and integrate natural disaster and reduce risks into development plans and processes, to safeguard the nation’s wellbeing and to secure and sustained the livelihood of people for both present and future generations. This must be addressed systematically so that the country recognizes the risks to development and change the way it plans to develop. There is a crying need to adjust the existing laws and legislation of the country for integrated resource management to save the fisheries resources. Although much of the damage to the habitat and biodiversity of the inland water of Bangladesh over recent decades is likely to be irreversible, there is still time to act. From now on, Bangladesh government, the NGOs and national and international bodies should foster a social and technical environment in which the enormous richness of the fisheries resources can stabilize and eventually rebuild so as to continue to feed people of today and tomorrow. Poverty in fishing communities should be reduced in part by ensuring a stable supply of fish, something can only be achieved through improved knowledge, integration of fisheries and freshwater management, and greater public involvement. In case of fishing closure in areas or for certain time, the fishers should be provided with alternative income generating activities, credit with low interest and other sustainable means. Creating public awareness of the importance of maintenance of fish diversity in Bangladesh is extremely necessary and should be the first priority for a lasting change. Sustenance of fish diversity can only be achieved with public support. Bangladeshi fishers, fish farmers, traders, processors, and general people as a whole need to understand the issues, to be involved in the formulation of management plans and to benefit from the whole process. A key step in building fisheries management and fish biodiversity conservation with community participation is to bring all the various stakeholders in a common front with a view to sharing resource and knowledge, creating an environment for meaningful discussion on cross-cutting themes and valuing each other.

Knowledge Management: Journal