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Morphological Differences in Three Cassava Morphotypes

A. T. M. T. Islam
Tuber Crops Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701

A. K. M. A. Prodhan
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M. S. A. Fakir
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Some important qualitative and quantitative morphological characters of three Cassava Morphotypes viz., Philippine, Nagra and Sundori were studied at maturity, 260 days after planting. Qualitative characters, external colour and branching habit, apical leaf color, petiole colour, external colour, texture and shape of storage root; and quantitative characters, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves/plant, diameter and length of storage root, diameter of fibrous root, and fresh and dry mass of leaves, stem and storage root of the three Morphotypes differed from each other. It appears that three Morphotypes can be identified on the basis of petiole colour and storage root characters.

Keywords: Petiole colour, Storage root, Morphology, Manihot esculenta

Location: Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-03-2003

End Date: 00-12-2003

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Cassava

Objectives:

1. To study the morphological differences in three cassava morphotypes.

Methodology:

The study was conducted at the field laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh between March and December, 2003. The soil was silty loam and poorly drained. In addition to recommended dose of fertilizers, well-decomposed cow dung (1656 kg/ha) was also applied during initial land preparation. The entire amount of urea, TSP and MP at the rate of 83, 62 and 62 kg/ha, respectively, was applied at the time of final land preparation. The stem cutting of the three Cassava Morphotypes (‘Philippine’, ‘Nagra’ and ‘Sundori’ as are called by tribal people) were planted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The size of the unit plot was 3.6 m × 3.6 m and the distance between blocks and plots was 0.9 m and 0.6 m, respectively. The plots were raised up to 15 cm from the soil surface. Healthy and uniform sized (about 12 cm long with 6 nodes) cutting stalks (stems) of 12 months old cuttings were planted on March 28, 2003. The stalks were planted with an angle to about 30o, placing two-thirds of the cutting in the soil. The distance between two stalks was 90 cm and 2 stalks were planted in each hole. There were 16 plants/plot (12.96 m²). The cuttings were watered after planting and continued for several days until their establishment. Crop sampling and data collection: Qualitative morphological characters of external colour, texture of stem, leaf and storage root were observed. Quantitative external morphological characters such as plant height stem base diameter at 10 cm (d10), length and diameter of storage and fibrous root, number of leaf, length and width of leaf-lobe, number of storage and fibrous root/ plant were recorded from 5 plants/plot at 260 days after planting (DAP). Fresh weight of leaf-lobe, petiole, stem and storage root was weighed per plant basis. After oven drying (80±2⁰C for 48 h), dry mass of the above plant parts were also recorded. The collected data were analyzed and mean differences were evaluated by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 1(2): 113-116, 2007; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Petiole colour was red in Philippine, yellowish green in Nagra while light green in Sundori. The external colour of storage root of Philippine was dark brown, while brown and light brown in the Nagra and Sundori, respectively. External texture of storage root in Philippine was rough and very smooth in Sundori.

Knowledge Management: Journal