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Effects of Endoparasitism of Heteropneustes Fossilis on Condition Factor, Gonad and Blood Composition of Host

Sarker M. Ibrahim Khalil
Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

Kirtunia Juran Chandra
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

David Rintu Das
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Freshwater Sub Station, Saidpur, Nilphamari, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effects of endoparasitism of Heteropneustes fossilis on condition factor, gonad and blood composition of the host was conducted during July 2012 to June 2013. Fish samples were collected from various water bodies of Sylhet region. Total length, body weight, gonad weight and sex of hosts were recorded. Blood sample was collected from each fish. Six different species of parasites were identified from the hosts assessed as i). Euclinostomum multicaecum, ii) Allocreadium handiai, iii). Lytocestus indicus, iv). Pseudocaryophyllaeus heteropneustus, v). Procamallanus heteropneustus and vi). Paracamallanus equispiculus. Gonad weight, condition factors and blood parameters of H. fossilis were greatly affected with moderate infestations. The highest condition factor, 0.59, was found in uninfested fish and lowest, 0.45, in infested fish. Changes in the percent of haemoglobin and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was also investigated. Percent loss of haemoglobin was 0.43 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was 5.19 mm/h. In general the health condition parameter due to effects of endoparasitism of the investigated fish was found negative impact for the culture production of the Singhi (Heteropneustes fossilis).

Keywords: Endoparasitism, Heteropneutes fossilis, Gonad, Condition factor, Blood parameter.

Location: SAU, Sylhet

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases and insects

Objectives:

The present research work was therefore conducted to know the effects on condition factor, gonad weight and blood parameters of H. fossilis due to parasitic infestations.

Methodology:

A total of 210 Shingi, H. fossilis were collected during the period from July, 2012 to June, 2013. Live and fresh fishes were collected from Bandar market supplied from different haor named as Hakaluki haor, Tanguar haors etc. in Sylhet district. After collection, they were brought to the Disease Laboratory, Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet by polythene bags or bucket with water in live condition for investigation. Before investigation the source, total length (TL), sex and weight of the fish were recorded in a data book. The host fish were also divided into 3 length groups (12-16, 17-21 and 22-25 cm). A slit was made on ventral side near the genital pore on anal region and was opened towards the head up to the opercular region. After careful opening the stomach and the intestine were removed and put in a petridish containing water for parasitic investigation. After collection, the parasites were kept in normal saline for relaxation, flattened and fixed in F.A.A (Formaldehyde, Acetic acids, Alcohol). Some of the parasites were prepared for permanent slides. For collecting blood, fish were caught gently in a small scoop net and transferred into a bowl containing the same water where they were acclimatized. After anesthetizing the fish with 5 ppm quinaldine (Sigma chemical Co. USA) (Hossain and Shariff, 1992), blood samples were collected from the caudal vein with a sterile disposable plastic syringe coated with 3.6% sodium citrate as an anticoagulant according to Smith et al. (1952). To avoid contamination with mucus and water the area of insertion of syringe was wiped with alcohol cotton. Collected blood was gently pushed into a sterilized small glass vial containing anticoagulant, (potassium salt of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, EDTA) to give a final concentration of 5 mg EDTA per cm3 blood. This blood samples were used for determining the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and haemoglobin concentration (Hb g%). Data analysis Gonad weight and Condition factor The total length (cm) of each fish was taken from the tip of the lower jaw to the end of the lower lobe of the caudal fin. The body weight (g.) of each host were measured by electric balance. Condition factor was employed to evaluate the effect of parasite on the host. Condition factor was calculated by employing the formula k =100×w l3 , Where w = the weight of the fish in grams; l = the length in centimeters. The magnitude of parasitism is indicated by the difference in k values of an infested and an uninfested fish. The gonad weight (g.) of infested and uninfested male and female were also measured by electric balance. Then the loss of gonad weight were measured by deducting the gonad weight of infested male and female from uninfested host.

Source of Information: Res. Agric., Livest. Fish. Vol. 1, No. 1, December 2014: 159-167

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In the present investigation the haemoglobin concentration ranged from 1.0 to 6.0 g/100 ml of blood and average haemoglobin concentration of uninfested fish was 4.77±1.02 g/100 ml and 4.18±0.71 g/100ml in infested hosts. The loss of haemoglobin percentage was 0.59. By using acid haematin method Schiffman and Formm (1959) found a haemoglobin value of 6.5 g/100 ml of blood for rainbow trout S. gairdneri. Mulcahy (1970) gave a range of 5.6 to 15.00 g/ml blood in pike determined through cyanmethaemoglobin method which is more or less similar to the present study. Average erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of H. fossilis was 2.95±1.41 mm/h in uninfested fish and 2.78±1.29 mm/h in infested fish. Here the loss of ESR was 5.76% which is nearer to the result of Siddiqui and Naseem (1979) where the ESR value of L. ruhita was 2.5±0.98 mm/h. Blaxhall and Daisley (1973) and McCarthy et al. (1973) reported the ESR value of rainbow trout to be 1-5 mm/h and 1-8 mm/h respectively. In this study ESR value ranged from 1.0 to 6.0 mm/h in H. fossilis which is within the above ranges. However different plasma viscosity and specific gravity of erythrocyte are responsible for different ESR values.

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