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Genetic Divergence and Genetic Gain in Bread Wheat Through Selection Practices

M. Ferdous
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. E-mail:m.ferdous122@yahoo.com

U. K. NathIslam
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. E-mail:m.ferdous122@yahoo.com

A. Islam
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. E-mail:m.ferdous122@yahoo.com

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Genetic diversity is essential to meet the diversified goals of plant breeding such as producing cultivars with increased yield, wider adaptation, desirable quality, pest and disease resistance. In this study genetic diversity and selection index of 24 genotypes of bread wheat were evaluated. The performance of 24 wheat genotypes showed that there were significant variations for the characters suggesting the presence of genetic variability among the genotypes. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters viz. I, II, III, IV and V based on Mahalanobis’ D2 statistics. Cluster I and II were the largest group containing six genotypes and the rest three clusters contained four, five and three genotypes respectively. The genotyps belonging to the same group had smaller D2- value than between those belonging to different clusters. Study on selection indices through discriminate function showed that Anza ranked as the best followed by the genotypes Rawal, PBW-373 and Kheri and suggests that these highest scoring genotypes might be recommended for farmers’ cultivation for better yield and it would be expected genetic gain upto 49.77% through selection practices based on the characters studied. Therefore, a crossing program could be made among the genotypes belonging in cluster I and cluster V will provide maximum heterotic combination, especially for yield of bread wheat. Alternatively, among the studied genotypes Anza could be cultivated for better performance.

Keywords: Genetic divergence, Genetic gain, Selection indices, Bread wheat

Location: At the experimental farm, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh

Start Date: 08-11-2008

End Date: 09-03-2009

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To assess genetic diversity and expecting higher genetic gain to improve yield in bread wheat

Methodology:

Twenty four bread wheat genotypes viz Sonalika, Kalaynsona, Pavon, Ananda, Sawgat, Protiva, Sourab, Gourab, Satabdi, Sufi, Bijoy, Prodip, Kheri, Anza, Rawal, Raj-3765, HD-1553, GW-322, PBW-373, CB-38, CB-43, CB-50, CB-51 and CB-53 were selected for this study. The experiment was carried out at the experimental farm, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh during the period from November 2008 to March 2009. The experiment was set up in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Five plants from each plot were randomly selected to collect the thirteen important characters such as days to booting, days to heading, days to anthesis, leaf area index, flag leaf area duration, days to physiological maturity, plant height, no. of effective tillers plant-1, spikelets spike-1, grains spike-1, 100 grain weight, yield plant-1 and harvest index, Analysis of variance was performed using the plant breeding statistical program (PLABSTAT, Version 2N, Utz, 2007).

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 9(1): 1–4, 2011 ISSN 1810-3030

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The performance of 24 wheat genotypes showed that there were significant variations for the characters suggesting the presence of genetic variability among the genotypes. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters viz. I, II, III, IV and V based on Mahalanobis’ D2 statistics. Cluster I and II were the largest group containing six genotypes and the rest three clusters contained four, five and three genotypes respectively. The genotypes belonging to the same group had smaller D2- value than between those belonging to different clusters. Study on selection indices through discriminate function showed that Anza ranked as the best followed by the genotypes Rawal, PBW-373 and Kheri and suggests that these highest scoring genotypes might be recommended for farmers’ cultivation for better yield and it would be expected genetic gain up to 49.77% through selection practices based on the characters studied. Therefore, a crossing programme could be made among the genotypes belonging in cluster I and cluster V will provide maximum heterotic combination, especially for yield of bread wheat. Alternatively, among the studied genotypes Anza could be cultivated for better performance.

Knowledge Management: Journal