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Genetic Divergence in Ash Gourd (benincasa Hispida Thunb.)

F. Afroze
Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna

M. G. Rasul
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding,Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

A. K. M. A Islam
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding,Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

M. A. K. Mian
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding,Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

T. Hossain
Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Genetic divergence among 46 ash gourd genotypes from different origins was investigated to select the parents for hybridization using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. Though the genotypes grouped into seven clusters, the pattern of distribution of the genotypes into different clusters were random indicating that the geographical isolation was not always related to genetic diversity. Characters like fruit weight, fruits per plant, days to first male flower and nodes for first male flower contributed considerably to the total divergence. Maximum inter-cluster distance between cluster III and IV indicating wide genetic divergence between the genotypes of these two clusters (cluster III and IV followed by cluster IV and VII). However, the intra-cluster distances were smaller than inter-cluster distances. Thus, crossing between the genotypes of these two groups (cluster III and IV) would produce high heterotic progeny and may produce new recombinants with desired traits.

Keywords: Ash gourd (Benincasa hispida), Genetic divergence, D2 statistics

Location: Field Laboratory, Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur.

Start Date: 00-03-2005

End Date: 00-08-2005

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Ash gourd

Objectives:

In spite of its many advantages, research thrust has been given for the improvement of this vegetable (Ash Gourd).

Methodology:

Forty-six genotypes of indigenous Benincasa hispida of which 45 were collected from the Plant Genetic Resources Centre (PGRC) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) and the IPSA-1 genotype from the Department of Horticulture, BSMRAU were studied to measure the diversity among the genotypes at the Field Laboratory, Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications during March 2005 to August 2005. The experimental field was divided into three blocks and blocks were subdivided into 46 plots where genotypes were randomly assigned. The unit plot was 6m × 4m in size having 0.5m wide drains between two adjacent beds and 1 m wide drain surrounding the entire experimental field for proper drainage. Pits were prepared in the raised beds. Pit size was dug at a spacing of (2 × 2) m². Recommended agronomic practices were followed to raise a good crop. The data on 18 quantitative characters viz., leaf lobe (grading 1, 2 & 3), leaf breadth (cm), leaf length (cm), petiole length (cm), internode length (cm), days to first male flower, days to first female flower, nodes for first male flower, nodes for first female flower, fruit length (cm), fruit width (cm), fruit weight (kg), fruit set habit, fruits per plant, seeds per fruit, 100 seed weight (g), vine length (cm) and yield per plant (kg) were recorded on each genotype. Mean data for each character was subjected to multivariate analysis viz, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCO), Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) and Cluster Analysis (CLSA) using GENSTAT 513 (Mahalanobis, 1936; Jager et al., 1983 and Digby et al., 1989).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 20(1) : 19-24, 2007

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Considering cluster distance and cluster mean value, the genotype(s) BAg 19 from cluster IV, BAg 29 from cluster III, BAg 21, BAg 32, BAg 36 and BAg 47 may be considered better parents for future hybridization program in ash gourd.

Knowledge Management: Journal