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Study on Some Soils of the Himalayan Piedmont Plain of Bangladesh

M. J. Uddin
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka

M. K. Hasan
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka

A. S. M. Mohiuddin
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka

S.U. Ahmed
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka

M. M. Hassan
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Results of four representative pedons of the Old Himalayan piedmont, collected horizon wise from Thakurgaon district, revealed that the color of the top soil was dark grayish brown to dark yellowish brown and that of the sub-soils was dark yellowish brown to light olive-brown and light brownish grey when moist. The soils have moderately well drained conditions except Baliadangi soils which are imperfectly drained. Prismatic to sub-angular blocky structure has been developed in subsurface horizons of all the profiles, whereas massive structure was found in the surface horizons. Sand was by far the dominant fraction in the soils. The texture of the soils varied from clay loam to sandy loam . The irregular vertical distribution patterns of sand/silt ratio in the profiles indicate the heterogeneous nature of the parent materials. The pH of the soils ranged from 5.4 to 6.26. The organic matter contents as well as total nitrogen of these soils were, in general, low. The C/N ratios of the soils varied from 4.3 to 10.3. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) in most of the studied soils were low. Calcium and magnesium were the dominant cations in all the soils.

Keywords: Himalayan Pidmont plain, Horizons

Location: Thakurgaon, Dhaka

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Land management

Objectives:

The main objective of this paper is to study some soils from the Himalayan piedmont plain of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

A total of 15 soil samples were collected on natural horizon basis from four soil profiles for laboratory analysis. Four soil series regarding the Himalayan piedmont plain were selected for the present study. The soils were morphologically described in the field following the method of Soil Survey Manual (Soil Survey Staff, 1993). The soil samples were processed and analyzed in the laboratory. The particle size analysis of soils was carried out by hydrometer method (Day 1965). Hygroscopic moisture content of soils was determined by drying the air-dried soils at 105-110⁰c for 14 hours. The pH (H₂0) of soils was determined at a soil-water ratio (I:2.5) using a pH meter. The organic carbon content of soils was determined volumetrically (Jackson 1967) and that of total nitrogen by Kjeldahl's method (Jackson 1967). Cation exchange capacity of soils was determined with 1N NH₄0Ac (pH 7.0) extract as described by (Jackson 1967). Exchangeable Ca++ and Mg++ were determined by atomic absorption Spectrophotometer, while Na+ and K+ were analyzed by flame photometer.

Source of Information: J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 38(2): 199-206, December 2012

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest mean value of nitrogen content among the profiles was found in the Baliadangi soil whereas the lowest amount was found in the Ranisankail soil. The C/N ratio in the soils ranged from 4 to 10 with a mean ratio of 7.5. The C/N ratio within the soil profiles showed irregular patterns. The highest mean C/N ratio was found in the Ranisankail soil whereas the lowest value was found in Domar soils. The C/N ratios had no sequence in the studied soils with depth. The reason for this feature possibly was their textural conditions.

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