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Comparative Efficacy of Immune Response to Newcastle Disease Vaccination Through Different Routes

J. Alam
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh.

M. M. Rahman
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh.

M. S. Islam
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh.

R. Khatun
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A total of 100 chicks, reared in a relatively isolation from day one of age, were used to study immunization status against Newcastle disease with live vaccine. Three different routes of vaccination, viz. ocular, nasal and oral were employed. Birds were divided into three groups and a specific route was followed for a specific group. Primarily birds were vaccinated at day 10 and boostered at day 24. Blood samples were collected on 4 and on 14 days after primary dose and same intervals were followed after booster dose. Among these three routes it was observed that immune response was better in case of nasal and ocular than oral. However, it was also observed that the variance of antibody titer was higher in case of ocular and nasal routes. It indicates that uniformity of antibody production is satisfactory in case of oral route, although the titer was, in some extent, lower than ocular and nasal routes. The mean of exponent in the distribution of antibody titer differed non-significantly (p>0.05) except in one case (p<0.05).

Keywords: Immune response; Newcastle disease; Vaccination; Haemaglutination inhibition

Location: Poultry Production Research Division of Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-07-2002

End Date: 00-08-2002

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases, Poultry

Objectives:

To compare the efficacy of immune response to vaccination performed using three different routes viz. ocular, nasal and oral.

Methodology:

This study was conducted in the Poultry Production Research Division of Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka during the period of July and August 2002. A total of 100 days old chicks were collected from a "popular commercial hatchery". The chicks were reared for 6 weeks maintaining all the hygienic measures in a well-ventilated poultry house. These chicks were divided into three groups and were vaccinated with live vaccine through different routes viz. eye drop, nasal and oral route. Primary vaccination against ND was conducted at day 10 and boostered at day 24. Blood samples were collected on 4 and on 14 days after primary vaccination and same intervals were followed after boosting. Soon after the collection of blood, the syringes with blood were transported to the laboratory avoiding exposure to direct sunlight. The syringes containing blood were kept saliently at 5°C for overnight so that blood can clot in one side of the syringe. Then the clotted blood was removed carefully and sera were collected into sterilized eppendorf tube. The sera were subjected to centrifugation at 1000 rpm for 10 minutes for clarification and finally the clarified sera were stored at - 20°C until tested. Immune response to vaccination, in terms of antibody production, was measured by beta (β) haemagglutination inhibition test. Data were analyzed by computation with "Statistica" version 5.1 (97 edition).

Source of Information: J Agric Rur Dev 1(1), 43-48, 2003

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the present study it is concluded that the oral route of vaccination with live vaccine against Newcastle disease ensures more or less uniform but minimum antibody production in comparison to ocular and nasal route of vaccination. Therefore, farmers may be advised to use oral route for Newcastle disease vaccination with live vaccine.

Knowledge Management: Journal