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Impact of Grameen Bank Micro Credit on Change in Livelihood Status of Women Beneficiaries

S. Kuhinur
Department of Agricultural Extension and Information System, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka-1207

M. Rokonuzzaman
Agricultural Extension, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Grameen Bank (GB) is one of the largest NGO working with the socio-economic upliftment of the poor section, specially women of the society. The main focus on the present study is to determine change in livelihood status of women beneficiaries of GB in twenty selected centers of Jaforgonj north of Debidwar branch under Comilla district; and to identify the existing problems faced by GB participants. Data were collected from 100 randomly selected sample (15% of population), out of population size 663 of GB beneficiaries. Data indicated that change in livelihood status scores of the respondents varied from 4 to 24. The average change in livelihood status score was 13.94. The largest proportion (62 percent) of women belonged to medium, compared to 25 percent and 13 percent belong to low and high change in livelihood status categories respectively. Results of t-test on change of livelihood status in three dimensions namely ‘change of farm and house hold materials’, ‘change of housing, health and sanitation’ and ‘change of annual family income’ in terms of ‘before’ and ‘after’ involvement were found highly significant. Out of 11 selected characteristics, education, annual income, credit availability, communication with GB employee and staff and attitude towards micro-credit program of GB were positively significant and only age and non-localite behaviour were negatively significant with dependent variable of change in livelihood status. Family size, farm size, organizational participation and attitude towards community did not show any significant relationship with change in livelihood status. Problems faced by beneficiaries in respect of ‘lack of sufficient amount of credit’ was the most serious problems, credit disbursement delayed was the second problem and the third problem was ‘belief on dogmatism and fatalism’ with problem index 199 among the six existing problems.

Keywords: Grameen Bank, Micro credit, Livelihood status, Women beneficiaries

Location: Jaforgonj north of Debidwar branch under Comilla district

Start Date: 10-05-2007

End Date: 05-06-2007

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Social status

Objectives:

The present study has focused on change in livelihood status of the rural women who are receiving micro-credit as launched by GB with the objectives of determining the selected characteristics of rural women; the change in livelihood status; exploring relationship between the selected characteristics of rural women and their change in livelihood status; and identifying problems faced by the beneficiaries after joining with GB micro-credit program.

Methodology:

Data were obtained with the help of interview schedule, from 100 randomly selected rural women, out of 663 population during 10 May to 05 June 2007 who participated in different activities and receiving the micro-credit from GB in the study area. Eleven selected characteristics of the women were described as independent variables, which includes, age, educational qualifications, family size, farm size, annual income, credit availability, organizational participation, communication with GB employee and staff, non-localite behaviour, attitude towards community, and attitude towards micro-credit program with change in livelihood status. Standard procedure were followed to measure the selected characteristics.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 7(2): 381–386, 2009 ISSN 1810-3030

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

More than three-fourth (87 percent) portion of the respondents belonged to low to moderate change categories of change in livelihood status which is not expected situation at all. Formulation of gender specific and pragmatic program related with IGAs viz. postharvest activities, cow fattening and milking, goat farming, backyard poultry rearing, pisciculture, agriculture, horticulture, food processing, cane and bamboo works, silk reeling, handloom, garment making, fishnet making, coir production, and handicrafts etc which have enough potentiality to increase their socio-economic conditions leading towards improving livelihood status was necessary. Credit availability had positive correlation with change in livelihood status. Credit is the most important assets to mobilize in IGAs which ultimately increase livelihood status. Communication with GB employee and staffs gives important way to utilize the credit in IGAs which increase their income as well as improve livelihood status.

Knowledge Management: Journal