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Genotypic and Phenotypic Correlation and Path Analysis for Lodging Resistance Traits in Bread Wheat (triticum Aestivum L.)

Z. I. Sarker
Wheat Research Sub-Station,Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Rajbari, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

A. K. M. Shamsuddin
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

L. Rahman
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

R. Ara
Associate Professor
Department of Entomology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Relationships between the traits associated with lodging resistance in wheat were studied within the period of 1999-2002 at Wheat Research Center, Dinajpur in both F1 and F2 generations of a 9 × 9 diallel cross without reciprocal. The genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients studied in F1 and F2 generations were similar with some exceptions. In both F1 and F2 generation, the second internode breaking strength was positively correlated with diameter, wall thickness and unit-stem weight of second internode, and main shoot weight but negatively with plant height and second internode length at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. It was observed from path coefficient analysis in both F1 and F2 generations that the second internode unit-stem weight had high positive direct effect on it’s breaking strength. Main shoot weight, second internode diameter and wall thickness positively influenced breaking strength through its unit-stem weight. Simultaneous selection for the traits contributing to lodging resistant in semi-dwarf wheat might be effective in the improvement of lodging resistance in bread wheat.

Keywords: Wheat (T. aestivum L), Lodging resistance, Genotypic, Phenotypic, Correlation, Path analysis,

Location: Wheat Research Center, Dinajpur

Start Date: 00-00-1999

End Date: 00-00-2002

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

The present investigation was undertaken to study the genotypic and phenotypic correlation and then path analysis for the traits associated with lodging resistance in bread wheat.

Methodology:

Nine spring wheat genotypes were crossed in a diallel mating system excluding the reciprocals in rabi 1999-2000. In the next rabi (2000-01), all 9 parents and their 36 F1s and in following rabi (2001-02), all 9 parents and the 36 F2s derived from their 36 F1s were studied. In 2000- 01, the nine parents and their 36 F1s were grown in the field in single row plot of 1.50 meter in length on November 24, 2000 placing seed 5cm apart and row to row 25cm at WRC farm, Dinajpur. In the next wheat-growing season, 2001-02, the nine parents and their 36 F2s were grown in plots of 3.0m x 1.50m having 6 rows (single row for each parent and 4 rows for each F2s) placing seed 10cm apart and row-to-row 25cm at WRC farm, Dinajpur. The seeds were sown on November 26, 2001. In both years, the experiments were sown in randomized complete block design with three replications. The crop was fertilized with NPKS @ 100, 28, 40 and 20 kg/ha, respectively (BARC, 1997). Two-thirds of the urea and the entire quantity of triple super phosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum were applied at final land preparation. The rest one-third urea was top dressed at 20 days after sowing following the first irrigation. Mulching and weeding was done at tillering stage 28-30 days after sowing. The second and third irrigations were given at booting stage and grain filling stage respectively. Relationships between some important traits closely associated with lodging resistance (five second internodal young stem traits with four post harvest traits) were studied at both genotypic and phenotypic levels in both F1 and F2 generations. The second internode breaking strength showed strong negative correlation with lodging score, it was considered as a criterion for lodging resistance (Sarker, 2003). Genotype and phenotypic correlation coefficients between characters contributing to lodging resistance as well as yield were estimated following the formula suggested by Miller et al. (1958). The cause and effect relationship between the most important lodging resistance attributer and its component characters, were separated into components of direct and indirect effects through path coefficient analysis. Path coefficient of the traits related to lodging resistance were analyzed from the phenotypic and genotypic correlations assuming the second internode breaking strength (as the substitute of lodging resistance) as the dependent variable following method of Singh and Chaudhary (1985) and Dabholkar (1992) which was originally developed by Wright (1921). Dewey and Lu (1959) employed this method for the first time in plants to disentangle the direct and indirect influences of component characters.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Genet Pl. Breed: 20(2): 51-57, 20071

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the present study of relationships between lodging resistance and its associated characters through simple, genotypic and phenotypic correlations, it is evident that internode breaking strength particularly the second internode was the most important character for determining stem lodging resistance. The second internode breaking strength was directly dependent on its unit-stem weight, wall thickness and diameter. Plant height, spikes per plant and head/shoot ratio contributed to the second internode breaking strength considerably but in negative direction. This suggested that the tall plant with more numbers of heads and more head weight would be liable to lodging. This indicated that selection for internode unit-stem weight, wall thickness and diameter would give better response in internode breaking strength as well as for stem lodging in the present material. The correlation and path analysis suggested that a single plant character related to straw strength as well as to lodging would not be a reliable or satisfactory method of assessing lodging resistance. Simultaneous selection for the aforesaid traits closely related with lodging in semidwarf or in double dwarf genotypes at early generation might be effective in the improvement of lodging resistance in bread wheat.

Knowledge Management: Journal