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Summary of the Study on Sustainable Land Management in Bangladesh: Issues, Constraints and Potentials

Dr. M. Asaduzzaman
Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS)E-17, Agargaon, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar Dhaka-1207.

Dr.Zulfiqar Ali
Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS)E-17, Agargaon, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar Dhaka-1207.

Mansur Ahmed
Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS)E-17, Agargaon, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar Dhaka-1207.

Nehraz Mahmud
Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS)E-17, Agargaon, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar Dhaka-1207.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Land is an extremely scarce natural resource in Bangladesh. The issue of land, its management and access to it is very important. It has several dimensions. Firstly, the problem of diversion of land from agriculture. Secondly, human practice of land use which is more often than not driven by various policies including economic ones such as pricing, taxation and subsidies some time leads to land degradation.Environmental degradation that takes place as part of the natural process some time indirectly exacerbated due to human interventions tends to deplete the productive capacity of land. This is the third process of land degradation. Fourthly, the nature and changes in farm-size, distribution pattern of landownership and tenural relations of land may have direct influences, sometimes adverse, on the growth and poverty conditions of the country through their deleterious effects on land management. Fifthly, the access to public land is particularly important as a sizeable portion of such land is under the control of influential private individuals. For addressing the question of productive efficiency and distributive justice, the public lands or at least their use rights may be transferred to the poorer sections of the society.

Keywords: Sustainable, Land Management, Constraints, Potentials

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Land management

Objectives:

1.To mainstream SLM in related policies, institutions and legislation; - To develop capacity and strengthen institution for implementation of the National Land Use Policy

2.To enhance SLM knowledge and develop human resources for local level institutional coordination and SLM advocacy.

Methodology:

The study applied the following methods and steps:

– Desk review based on secondary material and data;

– Rapid rural appraisal for baseline survey with certain necessary quantification using both semi-structured interview and FGD checklist and structured questionnaire for household survey;

– NRA for valuation of land resources, particularly in various ecological perspectives; and

– Assessment of efficacy of economic instruments, such as, pricing, taxation, and subsidy which directly or indirectly influence land use behavior

Selection of Sample Locations

In the first stage, a total of five locations (districts/upazilas) were chosen purposively covering a diverse variety of topography. They include the regions of:

– Drought prone,

– Coastal/salinity,

– Haor basin,

– Close to hill-tracts, and

– Average plain land.

- In the second stage, one better performing village and one poorly performing village were chosen based on current agricultural practices in each of the previously selected locations.

Source of Information: Biennial Report-2011-2012, BIDS

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The findings of the study also include the following: Use pattern of the resources is changing – various forms of tenural system is now taking place in an increasing proportion; Land fertility is declining – One of the important reasons for this is unbalanced use of fertilizer, irrigation and pesticides; There are variations in input prices and its use across seasons and regions; Productivity varies significantly depending on the use of inputs; Input demand is elastic with respect to both input and output prices; There are variations in soil quality, fertility, input use and productivity across regions. The policy priorities for sustainable land management may, therefore, include the following: Need to Identity the “hotspots” of land degradation; Need to have an understanding of optimal mix of inputs for production of different crops in different agro-ecological zones; Then, appropriate economic instruments (such as, prices, subsidies, taxes, etc.) can be used to promote optimal use of various inputs for crop cultivation and other agricultural practices; Economic instruments can also be used to promote efficient tenural systems ; and Finally, raising awareness about SLM and spatially focused approach to the entire issue is necessary.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings