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In Vitro Large Scale Propagation of Two Hybrid Orchid Species

M. I. HOQUE
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

NURSIA KOMOL
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

AMJAD HOSSAIN
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

SUFIA PERVIN
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

R. H. SARKER
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Among the two media tried VW was found to be best for seed germination, protocorm multiplication and shoot regeneration in both the hybrid orchids. In case of Dendrobium SABIN best seed germination was obtained in VW medium supplemented with 15% coconut water (CW). On the other hand best seed germination in the cross between Rananthera azimah and Vanda coerulea was achieved on the same medium containing 10 % CW + 2.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA. Protocorm multiplication and shoot regeneration was best in Dendrobium on VW su pplemented with 10 % CW + 10 % banana extract (BE) + 2.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA. In case of hybrid of Rananthera azimah and V. coerulea best protocorm formation was observed on VW medium containing only 10 % CW+10% BE. But best shoot regeneration was achieved on VW medium containing 10 % BE and 2 % sucrose. In Dendrobium root induction was optimum on modified VW (MVW) medium + 10 % BE + 3 % activated charcoal (AC). In case of Rananthera azimah x V. coerulea best rooting was on MVW medium + 10 % BE + 0.2mg/l IBA

Keywords: Large scale, Propagation, Orchid, Dendrobium

Location: Department of Botany, University of Dhaka

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Orchid

Objectives:

To develop a low cost medium for different stages of orchid culture such as seed germination, protocorm multiplication and plantlet development in two hybrid orchids.

Methodology:

Two hybrid orchids used in the present study were : 1. Dendrobium SABIN (exotic hybrid). 2. Hybrid between Rananthera azimah and Vanda coerulea. Mature capsules were first dipped in absolute alcohol for 15 sec and flamed over a spirit lamp. The capsules were then surface sterilized with 0.1% HgCl₂ solution for 20 minutes. Sterile capsules were afterwards rinsed with sterile distilled water four - five times and transferred to sterile Petri dishes. Seeds were taken out with the help of a scalpel and inoculated in test tubes containing culture medium. Successful germination occurs when orchid seeds turned into green and round shaped protocorm like structure. Young protocorms were transferred into fresh medium for further proliferation and differentiation. The subculturing media used were Phytamax, Vacin and Went (VW), Modified Vacin and Went (MVW) containing different concentrations of coconut water (CW), banana extract (BE), tomato juice (TJ), BAP, IBA, NAA and activated charcoal. Subsequently the regenerated shoots were cultured on rooting medium for plantlet development.

Source of Information: Biotechnology Research in Dhaka University The Dhaka University Journal of Biological Science 8(2): 11-16, 1999 (July), ISSN 1021- 2484

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In this investigation Phytamax and VW were used for seed germination. Different concentrations of CW were added to the above media to optimize seed germination from two hybrid orchids. Seed germination was also tried in the above media without having any hormone. In case of Dendrobium maximum seed germination was observed on VW medium supplemented with 15% CW whereas seed germ in action of the hybrid between Rananthera azimah and Vanda coerulea was found best in Phytamax medium containing 10% CW+ 2.0 mg/1 BAP + 0.5mg/l NAA. Seed germination was possible without sucrose and peptone. It has been observed that the seeds of the above two species took 18 - 22 days to germinate when coconut water was added in the medium with or without hormonal supplements. In orchids it has been reported that inclusion of CW into basal media improved seed germination and seedling growth. After successful germination seeds turned into protocorms. For root initiation modified VW (MVW) medium was used along with different concentrations of BE along with activated charcoal. Dendrobium showed best response towards root induction on MVW medium supplemented with 10% BE + 3% AC (Fig. 4). In case of the hybrid between R. azimah and V. coerulea maximum response was obtained on MVW medium containing 10% BE + 0.2 mg/1 IBA (Fig. 5). It may be mentioned here that it was not necessary to add root inducing hormonal supplements namely, IBA or NAA in the rooting medium. The results of the present investigation demonstrated the possibility of using natural plant products namely, BE and CW instead of using hormonal supplements in the basal medium which will reduce the ultimate production costs in different orchids.

Knowledge Management: Journal