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Occurrence of Pasteurellosis and Newcastle Disease in Indigenous Chickens in Sirajgonj District

S. M. S. H. Belal
Veterinary Surgeon, District Veterinary Hospital, Sirajgonj.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was carried out on indigenous layer chickens to know occurrence of Avian Pasteurellosis (AP) and Newcastle disease (ND) in Sirajgonj during the period from January/2012 to December/2013. The clinical signs showed before death was recorded by taking history and the birds were subjected to post mortem examination. In addition to the clinical and necropsy findings, ND was detected by Anigen® rapid antigen detection kit. The AP was confirmed by isolation and identification of Pasteurella (P.) multocida from liver, spleen and heart samples. The P. multocida was found to grow on nutrient broth, nutrient agar, blood agar and Eosin Methylene Blue agar where it produced whitish, opaque, round, flat, translucent colonies. It produced turbidity on nutrient broth. The organism was not found to grow on MacConkey agar media and did not cause hemolysis on blood agar media. The impression smear of liver and heart blood were stained by Gram’s staining, Leishman staining and Methylene blue staining techniques to detect P. multocida. P. multocida organism was also found to fermnt dextrose, lactose and mannitol with the production of only acid but did not ferment maltose and lactose. P. mutocida was found non-motile, indole positive and urease negative. On triple sugar iron test it produced H₂S and fermented only glucose. It was found negative to both methyl red test and Voges Proskauer test. Out of 360 birds tested 59.72% (215) was AP positive and 40.28% was ND positive. Age, Sex, season and mortality due to other diseases were not considered.

Keywords: Indigenous chicken, Avian pasteurellosis, Newcastle disease, Mortality

Location: District veterinary hospital, Sirajgonj

Start Date: 01-01-2012

End Date: 30-12-2013

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

To know occurrence of Avian Pasteurellosis (AP) and Newcastle disease (ND) in Sirajgonj .

Methodology:

A comparative study between the clinical and laboratory diagnoses of Newcastle and Avian Pasteurellosis of poultry of Sirajgonj district was conducted during the period from January/2012 to December/2013 in the laboratory of District Veterinary Hospital, Sirajgonj Sample collection A total of 360 dead birds were submitted to the laboratory of the district veterinary hospital, Sirajgonj. The birds were subjected for postmortem examination and liver, spleen and heart samples were collected for isolation and identification of Pasteurella multocida. Tracheal swab was taken as sample to perform the Anigen® Rapid Antigen Detection Test (Chromatographic immunoassay) for the Newcastle disease to be detected. Clinical findings and post mortem lesions were recorded during collection of sample. Clinical diagnosis of diseases Clinical diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical history from the owners of the birds, recorded clinical signs of the remaining sick birds and post mortem lesions of dead birds. Laboratory diagnosis of diseases Rapid kit test (Chromatographic Immunoassay) for Newcastle disease The samples were subjected to Anigen® Rapid Antigen Test Kit (Chromatographic immunoassay) for the detection of Newcastle disease antigen. Samples giving positive results were then sent to the FDIL (Field Disease Investigation Laboratory) and CDIL (Central Disease Investigation Laboratory) for the confirmation of the results. As, for the interpretation of test results, positive reactions were indicated by the appearance of two distinct red lines (Figure 4), the chances of misinterpretation were little or absence. Among 20 samples sent for confirmation of diagnosis, all were found to be the same as found in District Veterinary Hospital, Sirajgonj. So the kit test was reliable and the kit had, as defined by the manufacturer, high degree of accuracy.

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2013).11(2): 97-105 ISSN: 1729-7893 (Print) 2308-0922 (Online

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The clinical signs showed before death was recorded by taking history and the birds were subjected to post mortem examination. In addition to the clinical and necropsy findings, ND was detected by Anigen® rapid antigen detection kit. The AP was confirmed by isolation and identification of Pasteurella (P.) multocida from liver, spleen and heart samples. The P. multocida was found to grow on nutrient broth, nutrient agar, blood agar and Eosin Methylene Blue agar where it produced whitish, opaque, round, flat, translucent colonies. It produced turbidity on nutrient broth. The organism was not found to grow on MacConkey agar media and did not cause hemolysis on blood agar media. The impression smear of liver and heart blood were stained by Gram’s staining, Leishman staining and Methylene blue staining techniques to detect P. multocida. P. multocida organism was also found to fermnt dextrose, lactose and mannitol with the production of only acid but did not ferment maltose and lactose. P. mutocida was found non-motile, indole positive and urease negative. On triple sugar iron test it produced H2S and fermented only glucose. It was found negative to both methyl red test and Voges Proskauer test. Out of 360 birds tested 59.72% (215) was AP positive and 40.28% was ND positive. Age, Sex, season and mortality due to other diseases were not considered.

Knowledge Management: Journal