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Comparative Immunogenicity of Fowl Cholera Vaccine in Jinding Ducks

S Sultana
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

S Saha
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

MM Amin
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study compared the immunogenicity of alum-precipitated formalin-killed fowl cholera vaccines (BAU-FCV and LRI-FCV) in Jinding ducks. The ducks were divided into three groups (A = 14, B = 14, C = 12). Group A was inoculated with BAU- FCV 0.5 mL and group B with LRI- FCV 1.0 mL intramuscularly (im) at the age of six weeks and group C served as unvaccinated control. Booster vaccination was administered similarly at 11 weeks of age in groups A and B. Challenge infection was given to all birds two weeks after booster vaccination. Passive Haemagglutination Assay (PHA) antibody titres in group A were 59.4 ± 4.6 21 days after primary vaccination, 137.1 ± 21.8 15 days after booster vaccination, 100.6 ± 12.9 21 days after booster vaccination, and 256.0 ± 48.4 15 days after challenge. In group B, titres were 50.3 ± 6.5, 118.9 ± 9.1, 91.4 ± 12.9, 237.7 ± 51.7, respectively, whereas titres in group C remained at ≤4.0 ± 0.0. The antibody titres were insignificant when compared between pre-vaccination and 21 days after primary vaccination in both vaccinated groups (A and B). PHA antibody titres of groups A were significantly (P < 0.0001) increased at 15 days after booster and in case of group B the antibody titres were insignificant. At 15 days after challenge the antibody titres were highly significant in both groups (A and B). There was no significant difference between the two vaccinated groups. Following challenge infection with virulent Pasteurella multocida 88.9% of birds vaccinated with BAU-FCV, and 77.8% of birds vaccinated with LRI-FCV survived, while all unvaccinated birds died. Both vaccines were safe and ffective.

Keywords: Immunogenicity, Fowl cholera, Vaccine, Jinding ducks

Location: BAU, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Duck

Objectives:

This study was conducted to evaluate the humoral immune response in Jinding ducks following im vaccination with Fowl Cholera Vaccine (FCV) prepared by Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh and Livestock Research Institute (LRI), Mohakhali, Dhaka.

Methodology:

Experimental ducks: A total of 40 day-old ducklings of either sex of Jinding breed were collected from a hatchery at Brahmanbari. The birds were reared in a small shed (Huque, 1991) with biosecurity and were divided into three groups, A, B and C consisting of 14, 14 and 12 ducks, respectively. Immunization of ducks Birds of group A were vaccinated with 0.5 mL (1.75×108 CFU/ mL) BAU-FCV, group B with 1 mL LRI-FCV and group C were unvaccinated controls. Booster dose was provided using same dose and route five weeks after primary vaccination. Collection of blood and preparation of sera Blood serum was collected as described by Siddique et al. (1997). About three mL of blood without anticoagulant was collected from the right wing vein of all ducks and the syringes were held in slanted position and blood was allowed to clot at room temperature for an hour; clots were detached from the wall of the syringe by pressing the piston and were kept overnight at 4^oC for separation of the serum. Then serum was carefully removed and centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 10 minutes and stored at -20^oC. Determination of Passive Haemagglutination Assay (PHA) titres The antibody titres were determined by PHA as described by Tripathy et al. (1970). Challenge to the experimental ducks After 28 days of booster immunization, all ducks were challenged with virulent field isolate of P. multocida, 10 LD50 of mice (0.25 mL containing 5.7 × 109 CFU/mL) injected into thigh muscle. These were observed daily at three-hour intervals for ten days for any clinical signs. In case of fatality post-mortem examinations were performed. For re-isolation of P. multocida, swabs from affected tissues were taken from ducks that died and streaked on to blood agar plates. The plates were examined after 24-48 hours of incubation at 37⁰C (Matsumoto and Helfer, 1978) and positive cases were further confirmed by standard procedures (Cowan and Steel, 1985). Sultana et al. Statistical analyses: Statistical analyses were performed using SAS (2008) statistical package programme to evaluate differences in PHA titre between the three groups of ducks, and the survival rates were evaluated using Mantel-Cox log rank test. A P value of <0.001 was considered significant.

Source of Information: Bangl. vet. 2013. Vol. 30, No. 2, 41–45

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded that both the fowl cholera vaccines were safe and effective providing satisfactory protection against duck cholera in Jinding ducks.

Knowledge Management: Journal