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Isolation and Identification of Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli Causing Colibacillosis in Calf in Selective Areas of Bangladesh

M. K. Hossain
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh.

M. Rahman
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

A. Nahar
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh.

A. Khair
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh.

M. M. Alam
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was carried out to isolate, identify and characterize Escherichia coli from diarrheic calves, their prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern during the period from November 2011 to December 2012. For this purpose 100 diarrheic fecal samples were collected from four different areas of Bangladesh. The samples were aseptically collected and brought to the laboratory of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The organisms were identified as E. coli on the basis of cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics. Further the isolated bacteria were confirmed by amplification of E. coli specific 16sRNA gene. The antibiotic resistant pattern of the isolates was also performed. Out of 100 samples 49 (49%) were found to be positive for E. coli. The highest prevalence was found in Shahjadpur, Sirajganj (53.33%) while lowest was in BAU, Mymensingh (40%). The antibiogram study revealed that all isolates were resistant against ampicillin, erythromycin, azithromycin and streptomycin where erythromycin was 100% resistant, whereas 100% sensitivity was found to tetracycline and gentamicin which might be the best choice of drug for the treatment of diarrheagenic E. coli causing colibacillosis in calves.

Keywords: Colibacillosis, Escherichia coli, Isolation, Identification, Prevalence, Antibiotic sensitivity.

Location: BAU, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-2011

End Date: 00-12-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Calf

Objectives:

?) To isolate, identify and characterize E. coli causing colibacillosis in calf

??) To study the prevalence of colibacillosis in calf and the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of the isolated bacteria.

Methodology:

The research work was conducted in the Department of Medicine and the Department of Microbiology & Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh-2202 during the period of November 2011 to December 2012

Collection of samples: A total of 100 faecal samples were collected aseptically from the rectum of diarrhoeic calves from Tangail, Delduar, Sirajganja and Mymensingh district. After collection, the samples were transported to the laboratory of Microbiology and Hygiene, faculty of Veterinary Science, BAU as soon as possible for bacteriological examinations and further characterization.

Isolation of E coli : Standard methods were followed for the isolation and identification of E. coli (Cowan, 1985). Nutrient broth (NB) was used for primary culture of E. coli organisms from the faecal samples followed by culture into differential and selective media such as Eosin Methylene blue (EMB) and MacConky (MC) agar to identify the bacteria.

Identification and characterization of E. coli: The isolated bacteria was identified as E. coli by observing their cultural characteristics, morphology by Gram’s stain, biochemical tests, motility test and finally by amplification of E. coli specific 16s RNA gene. After primary isolation of the E. coli, the bacteria were inoculated onto Mac Conkey and EMB agar which were subjected to biochemical tests- five basic sugar fermentation tests and motility tests according to the method described by Cheesbrough, (1984) and Cowan (1985) respectively

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2013).11(2): 145-149 ISSN: 1729-7893 (Print) 2308-0922 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The organisms were identified as E. coli on the basis of cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics. Further the isolated bacteria were confirmed by amplification of E. coli specific 16sRNA gene. The antibiotic resistant pattern of the isolates was also performed. Out of 100 samples 49 (49%) were found to be positive for E. coli. The highest prevalence was found in Shahjadpur, Sirajganj (53.33%) while lowest was in BAU, Mymensingh (40%). The antibiogram study revealed that all isolates were resistant against ampicillin, erythromycin, azithromycin and streptomycin where erythromycin was 100% resistant, whereas 100% sensitivity was found to tetracycline and gentamicin which might be the best choice of drug for the treatment of diarrheagenic E. coli causing colibacillosis in calves.

Knowledge Management: Journal