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Induced Breeding of Endangered Striped Dwarf Catfish (mystus Vittatus) and Its Embryonic and Larval Development

Rabeya Yesmin
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Salina Akhter Sume
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Nazmul Haque
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Nargis Sultana
Department of Fisheries Biology and Aquatic Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Golam Quader Khan
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study reports successful induced breeding of endangered striped dwarf catfish (Mystus vittatus) and its different embryonic and larval developmental stages. Three different doses of PG were tested, viz. 17, 15 and 13 mg PG/kg body weight for female and 14, 12 and 10 mg PG/kg body weight for male with maintaining (1:1) male and female ratio. The hormone doses 13 mg/kg for female and 10 mg/kg for male provided the best result i.e. 91.33±2.08% fertilization and 85.00±2% hatching rates. Mean survival percentage of the spawns up to 21 days was 8.00±1%. The fertilized eggs were found to be transparent, demersal, spherical, adhesive and brownish in colour and first cleavage took place within 35-40 min post-fertilization at 29.56± 0.25^oC. Hatching took place at 24 h. after fertilization. Newly hatched larvae were 3-4 mm in length and slender, transparent and the yolk sac oval in shape. Anus was situated at almost mid ventrally. Larvae started to feed at 48-72 h post-hatching.

Keywords: Catfish, Broodstock, Zooplankton

Location: Fisheries Faculty Field Laboratory Complex, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-03-2012

End Date: 00-08-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cat fish

Objectives:

To ensure the availability of fry this species for aquaculture as well as to prevent a fish species from extinction, and
To establish a dependable induced breeding and larvae rearing technique.

Methodology:

Fish sample were collected from different locations in Bangladesh during March to August, 2012. Broodstock domestication was done into the Fisheries Faculty Field Laboratory Complex, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh. Live sample was stocked and reared in the previously prepared separate three rectangular ponds (size 18×14 m2 and average depth of 1.3 m) of Field Laboratory Complex, Faculty of Fisheries with acclimatization. A special feed (vitamin premix) was applied to fish at the rate of 7-8% of their body weight twice a day. In every week growth was measured in terms of length and weight (g). Brood fish are rearing up to their sexual maturation. After brood fish rearing up to their sexual maturation and breeding was conducted in fiber plastic tank (1 x 2 x 1 ft³) using ready to breed fish and physico-chemical conditions of water as follows temperature, DO and pH of water in different tanks ranged between 27.17⁰C -29.04⁰C, 2.03- 4.03 ppm and 7.19-7.93 respectively with little variation) under three different treatments (T₁, T₂, T₃) each of them have three replication (R₁, R₂, and R₃) and each tank contain 150 individuals (females : males) in each replication. The average total weight of males and female in each treatment was 47gm and 35gm respectively. The females under treatment T₁, T₂ and T₃ were treated with carp PG extract (prepared by homogenization of PG with a small volume of distilled water and that was carefully transferred to a centrifuge tube by using distilled water and centrifuged for 5 min at 3000 rpm to ensure complete transfer using following formula amount of PG required was calculated, Weight of carp PG (mg) (wt) = W_b × P_t/100 ; Where Wb represents total of the body weight of all the fishes injected and Pt represents the rate in mg of carp PG injected/kg body weight under a particular treatment) at the doses of 17, 15 and 13 mg/kg body weight respectively whereas males were treated at the doses of 14, 12 and 10 kg/body weight and through a 1ml hypodermic syringe the freshly prepared solution was injected intramuscularly to the fish on the dorsal side above the lateral line. The dose was divided into two volumes (40 % & 60 %) and injected to the broods with 6 hours interval. During injection needle was inserted at about 45⁰ angles. For determination of fertilization and hatching rates of fertilized eggs produced by each treatment, a portion of eggs from each female was taken separately and incubated in bowls of 15 liters. Soon after fertilization, the embryonic development started and the fertilized eggs looked watery and slightly transparent. Within 1 h of incubation, the numbers of fertilized and unfertilized eggs from each bowl were counted based on the color of the eggs. The unfertilized eggs turned opaque and whitish in color. No. of all fertilized eggs was counted contained in the bowls. After completion of hatching, the number of larvae from each bowl was counted by siphoning them out. After the egg samples were collected randomly from the bowls with the help of a dropper and were taken in a petridish containing water for studying the embryonic developmental stages of M. cavasius at every 15 min, 30 min and 1 h interval till completion of morula, gastrula and hatching stage respectively. Then larvae samples were collected from the incubator. Initially samples were collected at daily intervals. At least 10 eggs and larvae undergoing embryonic and larval developmental process were observed by microscope (Optica C×41) and digital camera together with software (Magnus MIPS- Microsoft Image Processing System) for embryonic and larval developmental to obtain precise information about developmental stages. Although the hatchlings of M. cavasius get nutrition from the yolk sac up to 3 days after hatching, the larvae were provided first feeding from 3rd days (approximately 70h) after hatching at ambient temperature of 27-29^oC. Hard boiled chicken egg yolk was provided as first feed for the hatchlings upto satiation level. Three days after fertilization live zooplankton (Tubified worms) were supplied as food. The larvae reared up to 21 days and then transferred to nursery pond for further rearing. For statistical analysis of data, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was followed. Significant results were further tested by using Tukey’s Multiple Comparison test to identify significant difference among the means. The statistical data analysis was carried out with the aid of the computer software SPSS version 17 (SPSS, 1999).

Source of Information: RESEARCH IN AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK AND FISHERIES. Vol. 1, No. 1, December 2014: 127-136, ISSN : P-2409-0603, E-2409-9325

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is however, difficult to pinpoint the reason for such differing results because a number of factors affect the biological experiment particularly involving hormones. Several major factors that may have bearing on the result are: But upon all consideration a PG dose of 13 mg/kg may be recommended for this species.

Knowledge Management: Journal