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Prevalence of Sub-clinical Mastitis in Dairy Farms

MA AL Quaderi
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M Husain
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

MGS Alam
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M Khatun
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

MA Hossain
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A total of 560 lactating cows belonging to Bangladesh Agricultural University dairy farm (n = 59): Local Zebu (L), Local × Friesian (L × F), Local × Jersey (L × J), Local × Red Chittagong Cattle (L × RCC), Local × Sahiwal (L × SL), Red Chittagong Cattle (RCC); and Central Cattle Breeding Station and Dairy Farm (n = 501): Local Zebu, L × F, SL × F, Sahiwal and Australian Friesian Sahiwal (AFS) were selected to measure prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SM). The California Mastitis Test was done and the prevalence of SM was 68% on cow basis and 57% on quarter basis. The prevalence rate was significantly higher in L × F (87%, P < 0.05), SL × F (88%, P < 0.05), L × J (100%, P < 0.01), AFS (89%, P< 0.05) and SL (100%, P < 0.01). The local Zebu (31%) and RCC (28%) were least susceptible to SM. SM was significantly higher in multiparous (P < 0.05) and older cows (P < 0.05). The front quarters were more prone to SM than the rear. Factors such as breed, age, parity and management may have been responsible for high prevalence of SM in both farms.

Keywords: Prevalence, Sub-clinical mastitis, Dairy farms

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University Dairy farm (BAUDF) and the Central Cattle Breeding Station and Dairy Farm (CCBSDF), Savar, Dhaka Bangladesh Agricultural University Dairy farm (BAUDF) and the Central Cattle Breeding Station and Dairy Farm (CCBSDF), Savar, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-01-2005

End Date: 00-11-2007

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

This study was undertaken to study:

The prevalence of SM in two intensively managed dairy farms in Bangladesh
The involvement of breed, parity, and age with the prevalence of SM
The problems relevant to the prevalence of SM in dairy farms.

Methodology:

Study area: The investigation was conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural University Dairy farm (BAUDF) and the Central Cattle Breeding Station and Dairy Farm (CCBSDF), Savar, Dhaka from January to May 2005 and June to November 2007. The farms were visited several times to collect breed, parities, ages of cows and the management practices. Animals, housing, feeding and milking: The BAUDF consisted of 59 lactating cows: Local Zebu (L), Local × Friesian (L × F), Local × Jersey (L × J), Local × Red Chittagong Cattle (L × RCC), Local × Sahiwal (L × SL), Red Chittagong Cattle (RCC). The CCBSDF consisted of 501 cows: Local Zebu, L × F, SL × F, Sahiwal and Australian Friesian Sahiwal (AFS). The average body weights of the local and crossbred cows were 250 kg ± 15 kg and 300 kg ± 20 kg, respectively. The floor of the houses in both farms was made of bricks and cement. No bedding material was used. Stall feeding was practised in both farms in the morning and afternoon. All the cows had access to water ad libitum. All lactating cows were hand-milked in the morning and afternoon with their calf at feet. There was no practice of teat-dipping or dry cow therapy. Sample collection and detection of subclinical mastitis: Fresh milk samples from each quarter of selected cows were collected aseptically in separate glass tube as described by Rosenberger (1979) at morning milking and the tube was labeled with the number of the cow. California mastitis test (CMT) was used to detect sub-clinical mastitis (SM) using the CMT test liquid and a plastic paddle with four cups according to the manual (KRUUSE® company of Denmark). The initial milk was discarded and a small amount of milk was squeezed out of each teat into the paddle. The surplus milk was tipped out of the paddle leaving 2 mL of milk in each cup. Then 3 mL of CMT test liquid was added to each cup. The paddle was gently rotated to thoroughly mix the contents. The reaction was scored as follows: Negative (1): The mixture remained unchanged; Weak positive (2): The mixture began to coagulate and turned slightly mucus but could still be shaken; Positive (3): Movement of the mixture and unmistakable mucus formation was observed and it was still possible to tip a small portion of the mixture cut; Very positive (4): A jelly-like mucus consistency was formed, it was difficult to shake the mixture and it was no longer possible to tip any surplus mixture out. Statistical analysis: Data were entered into Microsoft Excel® work sheets. Prevalence was defined as the number of positive cases of SM per 100 cows tested. T-test was performed to obtain the values of significance using the SPSS® software (Steel and Story, 1983).

Source of Information: Bangl. vet. 2013. Vol. 30, No. 2, 70–77

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In conclusion, the prevalence of SM was significantly higher in L × F, SL × F, L × J, AFS crosses and in SL cows. The L and RCC were least susceptible to SM. Multiparous cows (over 4th parity) and older cows (over 14 years) were significantly more susceptible to SM. Good management might reduce the prevalence of SM in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal