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The Viability of Dietary Probiotics (bactosac) Influencing Bacterial Colonization of Broiler Chickens

S M Lutful Kabir
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M Aminul Islam1a
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M Enamul Hoque Kayesh
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Babugonj, Barisal, Bangladesh

K M Mahmud Hossain
PVF Agro Ltd., H.M. Plaza, 11th Floor, Room 02, Plot 34, Road 02, Sector 03, Uttara, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh

M Murshed Hasan Mustafa
PVF Agro Ltd., H. M. Plaza, 11th Floor, Room 02, Plot 34, Road 02, Sector 03, Uttara, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh

M Bahanur Rahman
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Kriengsak Poonsuk
Faculty of Animal Science and Agricultural Technology, Silpakorn University, Thailand

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The efficacy of probiotic with regard to clearing bacterial infections and regulating the gut flora have been clearly demonstrated in this study. One hundred day old broiler chicks were randomly divided into four groups as group A (Vaccinated probiotics fed group), B (Non-vaccinated probiotics fed group), C (Vaccinated conventional fed group) and D (Non-vaccinated conventional fed group). Groups A and B were taken as experimental birds fed with commercially available feed with the addition of probiotics as per schedule whereas groups C and D were taken as control birds fed with commercial ration. The ratio of total viable count (TVC) and total lactobacillus count (TLC) obtained from the bacteriological examination of cecum samples of probiotics fed group (vaccinated and non-vaccinated) at the 2^nd, 4^th, and 6^th week of age were 1:0.96 and 1:0.94; 1:0.97 and 1:0.98; 1:0.99 and 1:0.99 respectively and 1:0.39 and 1:0.41; 1:0.43 and 1:0.43; 1:0.44 and 1:0.41 for conventional fed group (vaccinated and nonvaccinated) respectively. The recovery of TLC obtained from the cecum samples of probiotics and conventional fed broilers were found always on the increase in probiotics fed broilers as compared to conventional fed broilers at the 2^nd, 4^th and 6^th week of age. The present research suggests that vaccination of broilers has no influence on the propagation of intestinal microflora.

Keywords: Livestock, Vaccination of broilers, Influence on the propagation, Intestinal microflora.

Location: Kazi Farms Limited, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Poultry

Objectives:

To demonstrate the viability of dietary probiotics (bactosac) influencing bacterial colonization of broiler chickens.

Methodology:

A total number of one hundred day-old-broiler chicks (Cobb 500 strain) were obtained from the local sale centre of Kazi Farms Limited, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. At the beginning of the experimental study, the broiler chicks were equally divided primarily into two main groups- group I and group II. Group I comprised 50 broiler chicks which belonged to probiotics fed group (PFG) and the remaining in group II comprised 50 broiler chicks which belonged to conventional fed group (CFG). Initial body weight of each bird from each group was recorded just prior to keeping them in two well separated blocks. A total of 25 birds out of 50 from both groups I and II were targeted and selected for vaccination on 6th day of age and the remaining 25 birds from both groups were tagged as non-vaccinated group. In term of the schedule of the experiment as mentioned all birds belonging to group I and II were again divided into four subgroups as group A, B, C and D on 6^th day of age. Feeding and management Commercially available poultry feed (Narish Feeds Ltd., Dhaka) was used throughout the experimental study. The broiler chicks were fed with standard broiler starter for 14 days and broiler grower for 15-28 days and broiler finisher ration for 29-42 days of age, as formulated by Narish Feeds Ltd., Dhaka. Probiotics as per instruction was added to drinking water at a level of 1cc/5- litres water every day from 0 day to 2^nd week of age and 1cc/5-liter water 3 days in a week in 3^rd week of age and 1cc/10-liter water from 4^thweek to rest given to birds belonging to group A and B. The remaining two groups such as group C and group D were kept as control without adding probiotics in drinking water. Bactosac marketed by PVF Agro Limited (Bangladesh) and manufactured by K.M.P Biotech Co. Limited, Thailand was used in this study and containing six strains of various organisms, those are Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Birds were vaccinated against baby chick Ranikhet disease by BCRDV (LRI, Dhaka) following the recommendation of the vaccine manufacturer at the age of 6^th day followed by a booster dose at 24^th day intraoccularly. The birds were also vaccinated against Gumboro disease by Gumbo-L vaccine (ACI Limited, Bangladesh) following the instruction of the manufacturer. One ampoule Gumbo-L was diluted with 30 ml of diluents and the birds were vaccinated at the age of 11^th day followed by a booster dose at 21st day intraoccularly. Probiotic fed birds were sacrificed, dressed and their caeca were obtained aseptically. To enumerate the TVC and TLC of caecal contents, a total of 5 birds each of 2^nd, 4^th and 6^th weeks of age from each group were selected for this purpose. To perform this study, portions of caeca with their contents were obtained aseptically using a sterile scalpel and forceps. These portions were homogenized uniformly in a blender. The total viable bacterial count of homogenized samples was determined as per recommendation of International Organization for Standardization (1995). The results of the total bacterial count were expressed as the number of organism of colony forming units per gram (CFU/gm) of caecum samples. For the determination of total lactobacillus count, the procedures of sampling, dilution and streaking were similar to those followed in total viable bacterial count. Only in case of lactobacillus count, MRS (de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe) agar was used. The calculation for TLC was similar to that of total viable count. The quantitation of bacteria in cecum samples was done according to the standard method (ICMSF, 1985). The data on total viable count (TVC) and total lactobacillus count (TLC) obtained from the bacteriolgical examination of cecum samples of broilers were analyzed in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using computer package MSTAT-C (Freed, 1992).

Source of Information: RESEARCH IN AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK AND FISHERIES. Vol. 1, No.1, December 2014: 81-86, ISSN : P-2409-0603, E-2409-9325

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The percentage distribution of selected bacteria found in cecum samples of conventional fed broilers. These microbes were Escherichia coli, 21.70%; Lactobacilli, 17.92%; Staphylococci, 18.87%; Streptococci, 16.04%; Bacilli, 14.15%; Micrococci, 4.72%; Salmonella, 3.77%; Proteus, 1.87%; and others 0.94%. The presence of high percentage of pathogenic Escherichia coli, Staphylococci and Bacilli in addition to the presence of Micrococci, Salmonella and Proteus are alarming for poultry industry. Many researchers are also of the same view that the presence of the above organisms could be potential hazard not only to human health but also to establishment of poultry industry. The present research suggests that vaccination of broilers has no influence on the propagation of intestinal microflora.

Knowledge Management: Journal