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Biological Control of Sheath Blight of Rice

M. M. Hasan
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

C. Ullah
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M. Nurunnabi
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

S. I. Sagor
Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M. A. Ali
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted in Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture to control sheath blight of rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani. Six isolates of Trichoderma (TR-3, TR-18, TR-22, TR-24, TR-33 and TL-2), Biopesticide and BAUBiofungicide were used as bio-controlling agents in the rice field. The lowest 3.32% relative lesion height was recorded in the plot treated with mycelial suspension spray Trichoderma isolate TR-24 before inoculation and highest RLH (38.18%) was recorded in TR-24 with mycelial block inoculation. Highest sheath blight incidence (70.33%) was found in the control-I plot when inoculated with mycelial spray suspension. The lowest sheath blight incidence was found in the plot which was treated with TR-24 before inoculation with R. solani. Trichoderma isolates were effective against sheath blight of rice. Among the treatments applied in the field TR-24 showed the best performance compared to others.

Keywords: Rice, Sheath blight, Biological control, Inoculum and Trichoderma

Location: Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh.

Start Date: 00-01-2007

End Date: 00-12-2007

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

1. To develop a suitable technique for biological control of sheath blight disease of rice.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the laboratory and experimental field of Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. Selection of the cultivar and raising of seedling A sheath blight susceptible high yielding rice cultivar (Sharna Dhan) was selected which is widely cultivated in Bangladesh during Aman season (BRRI, 2004). A plot of 10m X 3m was selected for seed bed. Proper care was taken during raising of seedlings. Land preparation - The main plot was ploughed by power tiller followed by laddering. Weeds and other stubbles were removed from the field. Fertilizers were applied as per recommendation. Transplanting and Intercultural operations The individual plot size was 1 square meter. Line to line distance was 25cm and hill to hill distance was 15cm. Three to four seedlings of thirty days old were transplanted in each hill. Weeding, gap filling, irrigation and application of fertilizer were done when needed. Culture of Trichoderma isolates and application in field. The Tricoderma isolates were grown on chickpea bran following the stadard method. Seven days prior to inoculation with R. solani the soil in the plots were treated with chickpea bran colonized by Trichoderma isolates @ 100g of colonized chickpea bran per plot. Preparation of inoculum The pathogen was isolated from naturally infected rice plant. The infected regions with pathogenic structures were collected and repeatedly washed in normal water. Then diseased portion was surface sterilized with 10% Clorox for 1 minute followed by three times washing in distilled water. Inocula were placed on acidified potato dextrose agar (APDA) medium and incubated at 22 ± 2°C for 7 days. The fungus was identified following the keys outlined by Barnett (1960). The pathogen was purified and multiplied subsequently through hyphal tip culture on APDA. Methods of Inoculation Following two methods were followed for inoculation: 1. Mycelial suspension spray: Ten days old culture of R. solani was prepare mycelial suspension with distilled water at 1: 10 ratio (culture medium : water) by the help of a blender. Then it was filtered through cheese cloth and applied to the field with the help of a hand sprayer. 2. Mycelial block placement: Mycelial blocks of R. solani were prepared out of 10 days old culture with the help of a block cutter of 1.5 cm diameter. From each plot 10 hills were inoculated with inoculum blocks.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 3(2): 161-164, 2010; ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The lowest 3.32% relative lesion height was recorded in the plot treated with mycelial suspension spray Trichoderma isolate TR-24 before inoculation and highest RLH (38.18%) was recorded in TR-24 with mycelial block inoculation. Highest sheath blight incidence (70.33%) was found in the control-I plot when inoculated with mycelial spray suspension. The lowest sheath blight incidence was found in the plot which was treated with TR-24 before inoculation with R. solani. Trichoderma isolates were effective against sheath blight of rice. Among the treatments applied in the field TR-24 showed the best performance compared to others.

Knowledge Management: Journal