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Physico-chemical and Genetic Analysis of Aromatic Rice (oryza Sativa L.) Germplasm

Z. A. Jewel
Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

A. K. Patwary
Training Divisions of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur.

S. Maniruzzaman
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh-2200.

R. Barua
Adaptive Research Divisions of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur.

S. N. Begum
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh-2200.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

For selection of aromatic rice lines, twenty six (26) rice genotypes were evaluated for agronomic characteristics and aroma detection through sensory test and genotypic analysis using SSR markers. Grain quality and yield attributes were analyzed after harvesting the grain. Aroma was detected by 1.7% KOH as a sensory test. Based on sensory test, six genotypes were detected for having strong aroma; 7 for moderate aroma; 10 for slight aroma and 3 for no aroma. Aroma had significant and positive association with grain length-width ratio; significant and negative association with grain width, significant and negative association with gelatinization temperature, and no significant association with grain length. Three SSR primers viz; RM223, RM515 and RM342 were used for identifying fgr gene locus in 26 rice genotypes. The primer RM223 identified the fgr locus as homozygous condition for 6 as strong aromatic, 7 moderate aromatic, 10 slight aromatic and the rest 3 as non aromatic. The primer RM515 detected 4 as strong aromatic, 6 as moderate aromatic, and 16 as slight to non aromatic. The primer RM342 detected 3 as strong aromatic and four as moderate aromatic, 19 as slight to non aromatic. Compared among the three markers, RM223 detected the highest number of fgr locus in aromatic rice genotypes. Among the three primers, RM223 responded best in all the 26 rice genotypes, because RM223 primer could be able to identify aromatic and nonaromatic genes having higher yield with good agronomic performance and other grain quality traits. These elite lines could be readily used in breeding programme for release aromatic rice variety with considerable yield.

Keywords: Microsatellite markers, Aromatic rice, Physico-chemical and Genetic Analysis

Location: Field of Plant Breeding Division of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To observe agronomic performance of 26 aromatic rice germplasm;
To evaluate physical and physicochemical traits of aromatic rice genotypes; and
To measure the genetic variation among studied rice germplasm using microsattelite markers.

Methodology:

For selection of aromatic rice lines, twenty six rice genotypes were used to evaluate agronomic characteristics and aroma detection through sensory test and genotypic analysis using SSR markers. Grain quality and yield attribute data were obtained after harvesting the grains at the experimental field of Plant Breeding Division of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh. The seedlings of 26 rice germplasm were raised and 30 day old seedlings were transplanted in the field. Twenty cm distance was maintained between the rows and 15 cm between the plants. Recommended doses of fertilizers were used. Cultural practices were done as and when necessary. Five randomly selected plants of each genotype were used for agronomic characterization. Data were recorded for plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of filled grains plant^-1, number of effective tillers plant^-1, 1000 seed weight, grain yield plant^-1 from 5 randomly selected plants of each genotype and were subjected to statistical analysis using MSTATC software. DNA isolation from seed/plants was carried out using the mini preparation cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) methods. Three SSR markers such as RM223, RM342 and RM515 were used to confirm the presence of fgr gene. The Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) mixture contained 2 µl of 50 ng/ µl template DNA, 8.25 µl double distilled water (ddH₂O), 1.5 µl of 10 x buffer, 0.75 µl of 1 mM dNTPs, 1µl of primer forward and 1µ of reverse primer and 0.5 µl of Taq DNA polymerase. The template DNA was initially denatured at 94⁰C for 5 min followed by 30 cycles of PCR amplification following: 30 s of denaturation at 94⁰C, 30 s of primer annealing at 55⁰C and 1 min of primer extension at 72⁰C. Finally, 5 min incubation at 72⁰C was allowed for completion of primer extension. The amplified products were electrophoretically resolved on a 1.5% agarose gel in 0.5 x TBE and visualized under UV light after staining with ethidium bromide. The bands representing particular alleles at the microsatellite loci were scored manually on the basis of parental bands.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 9(1&2): 82-88(2011) ISSN-1729-5211, A Scientific Journal of Krishi Foundation

Article Link (Online Journal): http://banglajol.info/index.php/AGRIC/article/view/9482/7027

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Finally, it can be concluded that among the three primers, RM223 responded best in all the 26 rice genotypes, because RM223 primer could be able to identify aromatic and non-aromatic germplasm effectively which supported the phenotypic results. It can also be said that among the three primers, RM223 responded best in all the 26 rice lines which could be readily used in breeding programme for releasing aromatic rice variety with considerable yield.

Knowledge Management: Journal