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Prevalence of Atresia Ani in New Born Calves and Their Surgical Management

M. B. Hossain
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

M. A. Hashim
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

M. A. Hossain
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

M. S. Sabrin
Department of Parasitology and Microbiology, Sher-E-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted in 46 calves to investigate the prevalence of atresia ani/atresia ani et recti in calves at Veterinary Teaching Hospital, & Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Bangladesh Agricultural University (from June 2009-June 2011) and Shombugong area (Mymensingh District) from January 2008- December 2009. The total percentage of the affections was 23% among the surgical affections in new born calves. The frequency and location of intestinal malformations and gender distribution of affected calves were investigated. The occurrence of atresia ani/ atresia ani et recti in cross bred or indigenous bred were also studied. Atresia ani with or without other intestinal malformations was diagnosed by the Veterinarian at day 1 (25 calves), day 2 (13 calves), day 3-4 (3 calves) and day 5-8 (2 calves) after birth. The affected calves were reported to have been nursed normally immediately after birth but clinical sign became progressively worse with abdominal distension, loss of appetite and abdominal straining. There was no anal opening, but a bulge appeared at its site. Male calves were more frequently affected with atresia ani than those of female calves. The ratio of the male and female affections was approximately 5: 2. The total percentage of indigenous calves affected with atresia ani was 71.74% and the crossbred were 28.26%. Surgical correction is the only successful technique for atresia ani. The prognosis of surgical correction of atresia ani in calves was found good.

Keywords: New born calves, Atresia ani, Surgical affections, Surgical management

Location: Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU Vet Teaching Hospital), Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, BAU and Shombugong area (Mymensingh District

Start Date: 00-06-2009

End Date: 00-06-2011

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Calf

Objectives:

To establish baseline information and the surgical management, prognosis of the affections in the calves.

Methodology:

The proposed research work was conducted at Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU Vet Teaching Hospital), Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, BAU and Shombugong area (Mymensingh District). The reported new born calves were separated to determine the prevalence of atresia ani in calves. Calves with intestinal atresia (June 2009 - June 2010; July 2010 - June 2011) admitted for surgical treatment was enrolled in this study. The case morbidity rate of intestinal atresia was determined for the total hospital population of newborn calves. Study variables The study variables (discrete and continuous) were selected on the basis of nature of disease and prospective (artificial insemination, natural mating obtained from breeding record of dams raised under small holder system and client declaration for range system), sex, age, anamneses, physical examination findings, surgical treatment, and postoperative outcome. Environmental variables- Location of villages, source of disease and season. Ecological variables-- Relative humidity, ambient temperature and rainfall. Responsive variables- The presence or absence of anus and rectum and other abnormalities. Diagnosis was obvious when the anus was absent. In these calves, there was a pronounced protrusion of the perineal region with deep palpation of abdomen. Instruments and appliances Surgical handle and blade, straight scissors, forceps, blade, nylon thread, catgut, draping cloth, towel clips, tissue forceps, probe, traumatic needle, needle holder, syringe, anaesthetic agent like 2% Lidocaine hydrochloride (JasocaineR, Jayson Pharmaceuticals, Bangladesh) and antiseptic like 0.001% potassium permanganate (PPM).observational epidemiologic study designed as follows: Demographic variables--Breed, type of breeding.

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2014). 12 (1): 41-45 ISSN: 1729-7893 (Print), 2308-0922 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Atresia ani with or without other intestinal malformations was diagnosed by the Veterinarian at day 1 (25 calves), day 2 (13 calves), day 3-4 (3 calves) and day 5-8 (2 calves) after birth. The affected calves were reported to have been nursed normally immediately after birth but clinical sign became progressively worse with abdominal distension, loss of appetite and abdominal straining. There was no anal opening, but a bulge appeared at its site. Male calves were more frequently affected with atresia ani than those of female calves. The ratio of the male and female affections was approximately 5: 2. The total percentage of indigenous calves affected with atresia ani was 71.74% and the crossbred were 28.26%. Surgical correction is the only successful technique for atresia ani. The prognosis of surgical correction of atresia ani in calves was found good.

Knowledge Management: Journal