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Productivity and Profitability of Different Fruit Crops Grown in Multi-storey Fruit Garden in Hilly Region

A. S. M. H. Rashid
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, BARI, Rangamati

M. Moniruzzaman
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, BARI, Rangamati

M. Salim
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, BARI, Rangamati

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment on established multi-storied fruit garden (coconut + litchi + sweet orange+ pineapple) was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, BARI, Rangamati Hill District from January to December of 2010. The sole garden of each fruit crop was also made. In multi-storied fruit garden each fruit crop was taken as one treatment and its sole garden, as another treatment. Light availability for litchi, sweet orange and pine apple were about 55% less than that for the sole crop of the respective fruits and for the coconut tree as sole and in the multi-storey fruit garden. The shade provided by coconut tree helped producing quality sweet orange fruit. The growth of the pineapple plant was positively influenced by the shade and as a result maximum individual fruit was obtained compared to sole crop. The equivalent yield of each fruit crop was higher than its sole crop. The land equivalent ratio for multi-strata fruit garden was 2.6.The maximum gross margin of Tk.12,47,083.19/ha/year and the highest BCR of 6.79 were obtained from multi-layered fruit garden.

Keywords: Multi-storey-fruit-garden, Agro-forestry, Sole cropping, Productivity, Profitability

Location: Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, BARI, Rangamati

Start Date: 00-00-2000

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Profitability

Objectives:

Multi-storey gardening is an agro-forestry based intervention strategy containing banana, papaya, pineapple, upland rice, tuber crops and different kinds of fruit trees along with the shade-producing trees. The growing of different fruit crops in an orchard is a modern practice of maximum utilization of space, land, light and carbon dioxide. Besides the variety of crops improve the environment by improving soil fertility, and reducing the temperature and humidity. Multi-storey gardening is especially useful if farmers want to change from farming a single food crop to a more productive and profitable use of their land. Keeping the above facts in view the present investigation was undertaken to realize the productivity and profitability of various fruit crops planted in multi-layered orchard and of respective fruit crops as sole cropping.

Methodology:

In multi-storey fruit garden coconut (BARI Narkel-2) saplings were planted during 2000. Litchi (China-3) and sweet orange (BARI Malta-1) were planted in 2008 and 2005, respectively. Sweet orange and litchi were planted alternately in between the coconut rows. Pineapple (var. Honey queen) saplings were planted between litchi and sweet orange trees in June 2008. The 24 m x 24 m unit plot was selected for multi-storey fruit garden as well as sole crop of respective fruits and data on different growth parameters, yield attributes and yield were taken. In multi-storey fruit garden spacing was maintained as 8 × 8 m each for coconut, litchi and sweet orange (malta), and 30 cm × 60 cm for pineapple. The recommended fertilizer doses were used for sole fruit crops and twenty five percentage lower dose of the recommended fertilizer doses were used for respective fruit crops of multi-storey garden. In unit plot of 576 m² number of coconut, litchi, sweet orange tress and pineapple plants were 9, 9, 18 and 376, respectively. Day light was measured with the help of lux meter at noon (12.01 pm). At first cost of production and economic benefit were calculated from the unit plot ant then they were converted to the the value of per hectare basis. In multi-storied fruit garden one type of fruit crop was considered as one treatment and its sole, as another treatment and statistical analyses were done by t test (two tailed) to differentiate between these two treatments. Thus statistical analysis was done for each fruit considering treatment same.

Source of Information: Research Report on Horticultural Crops 2010-11. Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 40000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 40000/-

Achievement/Findings:

The better quality of sweet orange fruits were produced in multi-storied fruit garden compared to sole cropping. Due to shade provided by coconut trees no sun-burn of fruits was produced in multi-storey fruit garden whereas 8% sun-burn of fruit was found in sole cropping. The growth of the pineapple plant from multi-storey garden was better than those of sole cropping and maximum single fruit weight was obtained because of shade provided by other fruit crops on pineapple. The equivalent yields of coconut, litchi, sweet orange and pineapple were higher than those of the corresponding fruit crops. The land equivalent ratio of multi-layered fruit garden was higher (2.6) than one (1.00). The economic benefit of multi-layered fruit garden was higher than that of sole cropping of the respective fruit crops per unit area. The BCR of multi-layered fruit garden was 6.79 whereas the BCR of coconut, litchi, sweet orange and pineapple as sole cropping was 3.46, 1.74, 5.47 and 1.76, respectively.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings