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Gross Anatomy of the Aortic Valve of Indigenous Cattle (bos Indicus) of Bangladesh

M. N. Islam
Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. Z. I Khan
Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

S. R. Khan
Bagladesh Heart Research Association, Dhaka, Bangladesh,

M. A. Haque
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present research work was carried out to study the gross anatomy of the aortic heart valve of indigenous cattle (Bos indicus) for future bioprosthetic use in human in the Department of Anatomy and Histology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from January to December 2004. A total of 32 (thirty two) aortic heart valves of cattle were fixed in 10% formalin for the present study. The components of the aortic valve studied were the aortic leaflets, sinuses, interleaflet (in between the cusps) triangles, aortic root, annulus and ossa cordis. In the present study, the aortic valve leaflets or cusps of the cattle heart were semilunar in shape and three in number e.g. right coronary, left coronary and noncoronary cusp. Each leaflet of the valve had a central lamina fibrosa at their free margin. The lamina fibrosa was most of the thickened part of the cusps in the mid point of the lunula, which forms the fibrous nodules, or corpus arantii of each leaflet. When the valve was closed, the three nodules meet centrally. The leaflets were thicker than those of the pulmonary valve and were attached to the ventricular myocardium by aortic annulus.The aortic root of bovine heart contained the three cusps, sinotubular junction, vulsalva’s sinuses, commissures and interleaflet triangles. The left and right coronary arteries were emerged from the left and the right coronary ostium located in the aortic or vulsalva’s sinuses of aortic valve respectively. The annulus in the cattle heart had three arches, e.g. anterior arch, left arch and right arch. The findings of the present research work revealed the similarities of the anatomical structures of the aortic valve cusps of the cattle heart as compared with other animals and human being. The variation was only the presence of ossa cordis in cattle species in the present study.

Keywords: Gross anatomy, Aortic valve, Heart, Indigenous cattle

Location: Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-01-2004

End Date: 00-12-2004

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cattle

Objectives:

The present study has been carried out to investigate the gross anatomical structures of the aortic valve of indigenous cattle of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

This study was conducted on 32 aortic valves of indigenous cattle (Bos indicus) in the Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period January to December 2004. The cattle were grouped into 2, 2.5, 3 and 4 years of age of both sexes (50% male and 50% female). The heart specimens were collected from the slaughter house immediately after slaughtering the apparently healthy cattle with aseptic measures. The specimens were carried to the laboratory by a thermo flask in a polythene bag containing ice. After rinsing away the blood, the hearts were kept in the balanced isotonic saline solution until dissection in the laboratory. The aortic valves were harvested by dissection of the collected heart specimans and fixed in 10% formalin and embedded with cotton plug just after harvesting for keeping valve cusps in normal shape. Great care was taken during trimming of excess myocardium from the end of the aortic root. The gross anatomical studies of the aortic valve of the indigenous cattle with their supporting structures were done with the following parameters:

The aortic valve cusps or leaflets of bovine heart :The aortic valve is named for the shape of its cusps. The cusps are cup-like, passive soft tissue structures attached to the wall of the aorta. In the present study the gross morphology of the free surface of the cusps, corpus arantii (or nodulus of Arantus), commissures, attachment of the cusp with the aortic wall and fibrosal surface as well as ventricular surface of the cusps have been undertaken

The aortic root The aortic root may be defined as the portion of the left ventricular outflow tract which supports the leaflets, sinuses, commissures, and the interleaflet triangles. The aortic annulus It is a ring-shaped structure surrounding the aortic valve. A ring of tough fibrous tissue at the base of the heart. This ring supports and anchors the heart valve(s) into the heart itself.

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2006). 4 (1): 31–37

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is concluded from the above discussion that all the gross anatomical structures of the aortic valve including annulus and aortic root of heart of indigenous cattle are nearly similar to the structures of the aortic valve of other species of animal and human heart.

Knowledge Management: Journal