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Cropping Patterns in the South East Coastal Region of Bangladesh

S. M. SHAHIDULLAH
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Regional Station, Sonagazi, Feni, Bangladesh

M. S. A. TALUKDER
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Regional Station, Sonagazi, Feni, Bangladesh

M. S. KABIR
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Regional Station, Sonagazi, Feni, Bangladesh

A. H. KHAN
RFS Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

NUR-E-ELAHI
RFS Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted in greater Noakhali district to investigate the major cropping patterns during 2000–2001. Information was collected through a structured interview schedule. A total of 18 major cropping patterns were identified. Most dominant cropping pattern, single T. Aman alone occupied 35% land of net cropped area. The next three, Boro–Fallow–T. Aman, Fallow–B.Aus–T. Aman and single Boro represents 14, 11 and 11%, respectively of the net cropped area. A sharp variation was observed in cropping patterns among the different upazillas. Crop land of Noakhali, Companiganj, and Ramgati is mainly occupied by single T. Aman cropping pattern. Lion share of net cropped area in Feni, Chhagalnaiya, Parshuram and Raipur is covered by Boro–Fallow–T. Aman pattern. Begumganj and Chatkhil are an exception. More than 80% of the cropped area is in these two upazillas is cahracterized by single Boro cropping pattern. The average cropping intensity of the greater Noakhali district was 163%. The highest cropping intensity was 194% in Ramganj and the lowest 115 % was in Begumganj. The highest adoption rate of modern rice varieties was found in Boro–Fallow–T. Aman cropping pattern in all upazillas. The farmers need improved varieties of Aus, T. Aman and minor Rabi crops purposively suitable for coastal area. Researches in these fields should get priority. Single Boro area, especially of Begumganj and Chatkhil is the most potential area for fish culture after the harvest of Boro rice.

Keywords: Cropping patterns, Cropping intensity, Adoption rate, Coastal area.

Location: Fifteen upazillas, six in Noakhali, five in Feni and four in Laxmipur district

Start Date: 00-00-2000

End Date: 00-00-2001

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

1.To build up a database on major existing cropping patterns in the south east coastal region of Bangladesh.

2. To know the status of modern rice varieties in different patterns and seasons.

3. To identify the constraints and explore the scope of better utilization of resources in the area.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in greater Noakhali district during 2000–2001. The study area included all the fifteen upazillas, six in Noakhali, five in Feni and four in Laxmipur district. It holds an area of 6.17 lac hectares that shares 4.17% of the whole Bangladesh (BBS, 2001). It consists of 174 unions, the smallest administrative units. An interview schedule was developed by the multidisciplinary experts of the Rice Farming Systems Division of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute. Necessary modification was done after the field test of the interview schedule. Data were collected in different stages, viz. (i) Focus group discussion at union level, (ii) Verification and cross checking by another focus group, (iii) Finally the data were validated in the weekly discussion meeting of the DAE officers and Block Supervisors (BS) in the upazilla. Each focus discussion group (FDG) consists of 6–8 key informants. All the key informants were selected with the help of BS. In the interview schedule wheat, mustard and potato were considered as major non-rice crops in winter. All other crops including winter vegetables were grouped as Rabi crops. Crop diversity index (CDI) was calculated by using the following equation described by Kshirsagar (1997). The index is zero for a land area growing only one crop and approaches unity as the level of diversity increase. Yield was calculated as an average over ten crop cut results in each upazilla. Compilation and processing of collected data were done in Micro Soft Excel programme. Descriptive statistics were used to facilitate the presentation of the findings.

Source of Information: J Agric Rural Dev 4(1&2), 53-60, June 2006 ISSN 1810-1860

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Non-rice Rabi crops hold a poor position in the agriculture of the south east coastal region. As a result crop diversification is restricted. Adoption of modern rice varieties in Kahrif season is very low in several upazillas. The farmers need improved varieties of Aus, T. Aman and minor Rabi crops purposively suitable for coastal area. Researches in these fields should get priority. Drought resistant and saline tolerant crops like barley, triticale and other suitable pulse crops could be tried to grow for feed as well as food. Rapid expansion programme of BRRI dhan27 in Aus Season and BR22, BR23, BRRI dhan40 and BRRI dhan41 in Aman season should continue. Regional trial for searching new genotypes should strengthen. Single Boro area, a broad avenue, could be emphasized and addressed in different way. Begumganj and Chatkhil are the most potential area for rice-fish culture. After Boro harvest, successful rearing and catching of fishes is very possible in the boundary of frequently available natural barriers. Effort could be initiated in research for the development of packages of appropriate technologies.

Knowledge Management: Journal