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Comparative Efficacy of Powdered Form of Stevia (stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni) Leaves and Glimepiride in Induced Diabetic Rats

M. H. Sumon
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science

M. Mostofa
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science

M. S. Jahan
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science

M. E. H. Kayesh
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science

M. A. Haque
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Now a day, various medicinal plants are becoming popular for the treatment of different diseases. Some medicinal plants are being used for the treatment of diabetes all over the world. The study was conducted to investigate the effects of powdered form of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) leaves on blood glucose concentration and body weight in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats and for its efficacy study with a patent drug, Glimepiride. The effects of powdered form of Stevia leaves was evaluated in the Streptozotocin (STZ; 55 mg/kg body weight as single intraperitoneal injection) induced diabetic rats and for this, powdered form of Stevia leaves was orally administered at three different dose rates of 150 mg/kg, 200 mg/Kg and 250 mg/Kg body weight, respectively once a day for 3 weeks. Changes in the blood glucose levels and body weights were measured and the data obtained were compared with that of Glimepiride statistically by using Student’s unpaired t-test. The powdered form of Stevia leaves produced significant (p<0.01 or p<0.05) hypoglycemic effects on Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats in comparison with that of the standard drug, Glimepiride. Powdered form of Stevia leaves at a dose rate of 250 mg/Kg decreased body weight significantly (p<0.01 or p<0.05) in STZ-induced diabetic rats. From this study, it was observed that powdered form of Stevia leaves possessed both hypoglycemic and body weight reducing effects.

Keywords: Stevia rebaudiana, Glimepiride, Streptozotocin, Diabetic rat

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-04-2007

End Date: 30-09-2007

Program Area: Knowledge Management

Commodity: Stevia

Objectives:

The present research work was undertaken to study the comparative efficacy of powdered form of Stevia leaves and Glimepiride on blood glucose concentration and body weight in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

Methodology:

The experiment was performed in the Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh for a period of 6 months from April to September 2007. Collection and acclimatization of rats Thirty mixed albino rats, Long Evan’s strain (Ratus norvegicus) aged between 2–3 months and weighing between 150 – 200 gm were collected from International Center of Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B). These rats were divided into six groups containing five rats in each group and were fed with standard rat diet and water ad libitum. They were kept in cages and maintained in well-ventilated room under conditions of natural light and dark cycle for a period of three weeks to acclimatize them prior to experimental uses. Animals were fasted for 18 hour prior to drug administration allowing access only to water. Induction of diabetes After 18 hours of starvation, body weight and blood glucose level of each rat were measured, and rats of different groups (B-F) were rendered diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (Sigma) dissolved in 0.1M sodium citrate buffer pH 4.5, at a dose rate of 55 mg/kg body weight (Chattopadhyay, 1999). Blood sample were collected from the tail vein of rats on 15th day of Streptozotocin injection to determine the blood glucose level for confirming diabetic condition. Diabetic rats with blood glucose level above 25.0 m mol/L were selected for the study. Group A served as a nondiabetic control while groups B to E were rendered diabetic. Group B served as diabetic control. Group C, D and E were treated with the powdered form of Stevia leaves orally at a dose rate of 150 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg body weight respectively for 21 consecutive days. Rats of group F were treated with Glimepiride orally at a dose rate of 0.8 mg/kg body weight for 21 consecutive days. Determination of blood glucose level and body weight Blood sample were collected from the tail vein of rats on 15th day of Streptozotocin injection i.e., at day 0 (pre-treatment) and also at day 7, 14 and 21 during treatment with Stevia and glimepiide to determine the blood glucose level of individual animals. Estimation of blood glucose was done by using Accu-Check Advantage blood glucose system (strip method). Body weights were also taken of each rat of a group with electric balance on the same day. Statistical analysis Data was expressed as mean ± standard deviation of means. Statistical analysis was made by using Student's unpaired t-test (Steel and Torre, 1960).

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (2): 211–215

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The powdered form of Stevia leaves possesses blood glucose and body weight reducing effect in Streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats. The medicinal value of this plant was trialed in Bangladesh for first time and there was also lack of related works. Further studies are needed to determine the mechanism of action of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves, the constituent and effective dose to elucidate the body weight reducing effect, and to observe side effects and adverse effects of it for taking as an antidiabetic drug in human being.

Knowledge Management: Journal