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Artificial Insemination Services Under Different Institutional Framework in Bangladesh

M M Uddin
Department of Animal Nutrition, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M N Sultana
Department of Animal Nutrition, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

G Van Huylenbroek
Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ghent, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.

K J Peters
Abstract Department of Crop and Animal Science, Humboldt University of Berlin, Philip Str. 13, H-9, 10115 Berlin, Germany.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The objective of the study was to compare the provision of the existing artificial insemination service delivery system (AI-SDS) among public, private and autonomous institutions to the small-scale dairy farmers in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional survey was conducted by using a pre-tested and pre-designed questionnaire and face-to-face interview technique. A stratified-purposive sampling technique was applied to select 165 small-scale dairy farmers from four study areas. Descriptive statistics were performed to know the frequency of the provision of AI services. Public services were available in all study areas whereas autonomous services were only delivered in Mymensingh district. The private service was increasing faster than the public and autonomous service. The public service had higher incentives and network coverage compared to private and autonomous services. The results also showed that 50% of the respondent perceived the AI service as “public goods” and showed no willingness to pay (e.g., free of charge for public service). The demand for the services has been increasing but the existing organizations were not able to provide the services especially to the remote areas. From this study, it is recommended that farmers’ needs should be translated in a way that they get access to their required services in a satisfactory manner.

Keywords: Artificial insemination, Institution and Organization, Service delivery System

Location: Comilla, Brahmanbaria, Narayangonj and Mymensingh districts, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

To compare the provision of the existing artificial insemination service delivery system (AI-SDS) among public, private and autonomous institutions to the small-scale dairy farmers in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

This study was conducted in four districts such as Comilla, Brahmanbaria, Narayangonj and Mymensingh districts. The reasons for selection of these districts were due to the fact that each of the districts represents diverse characteristics in terms of demography, socio-economics, institutions and organizations, livestock production and agricultural farming systems. The district of Comilla represents the high density populated areas where the farmers have more dependence on off-farm activities. Regarding institutional perspectives, District AI Centre (DAIC)-a public organization for providing AI services to livestock farmers is situated in this district. The Brahmanbaria district is typically low-lying area where farmers depend mostly on rice production and fish culture as compared to livestock production. In relation to institutional perspectives, there is no DAIC in this district though it has AI sub-centres and AI-points. The farming system of Narayangonj district represents the urban farming system where the farmers have more access to off-farm income than other three districts. The district of Mymensingh is different from other three districts because of the presence of both DAIC and autonomous AI service provider. Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), as an autonomous organization, is situated in this district and delivery the AI services to the neighbouring areas. The data were collected from 165 farmers based on the criteria that each of the farmers had an equal option to access and use AI at least one of the three service providers. The stratified-purposive sampling technique was chosen pertaining data to fulfil the objectives of this study.The distribution of sampling farmers were as follows: Comilla: n = 40 using both public and private, Brahmanbaria: n = 30 using both public and private, Narayangonj: n = 35 using both public and private, and Mymensingh: n = 60 among them, n =35 use state and n = 25 use autonomous services. The services provided by the DAIC was considered as public AI service, while the private AI service was provided by the BRAC-a Non-governmental organization. The autonomous service was provided by the BAU AI centre. However, the program for providing private AI services are limited to some areas due to an institutional agreement with the public organizations enabling the private AI services to operate only in the areas where public services were not reachable. In the present study, purposively private services that operate their services parallel with other providers were selected. The data were collected with the help of a pre-designed, pre-tested and structured standard questionnaire containing both open and close-ended questions. The questionnaire was designed to cover three broad areas of information such as farm and farmer characteristics, information related to the provision of AI services and outcome/performance efficiency in public, private and autonomous organizations and information related with the governance structure. The data were classified into three groups: public, private and autonomous in order to compare the provision of AI-SDS across different institutional arrangement. The key variables that were used to know the provision of AI-SDS were: AI service provision structure, trend of the service, level of incentives, transaction cost, service coverage, farmers’ access to complain to the organization and their willingness to pay (WTP) especially for the public services. In addition, a number of farm specific socio-economic factors were also analyzed to understand the characteristics of the farmers and their farming system. The data collected from the personal interview were subjected to statistical analysis with SPSS statistical packages.

Source of Information: Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. Vol. 43 (3): 166-174, ISSN 0003-3588

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This study results revealed that public service provisions are widely available while the private services are also expanding higher compared to other two service providers. In contrast the autonomous service provision is strict to only particular area. The existing AI-SDS from public, private and autonomous organizations are not in the line with the expectation of the farmers. The relatively lower incentives, higher transaction cost, poor network coverage, institutional barrier to make access to the farmer’s complain about their services- all make the overall service provision inefficient which need to consider by the government for their policy recommendation. The role of the government and its intervention on AI-SDS is still cannot be avoided. The key role for the government would be to monitor and regulate all other services providers while also strengthen its own service network. Hence government should initiate to reform the institutions to incorporate the needs of the small-scale livestock producers. Therefore, government should also provide the conducive policy environment to integrate the public service with other service providers with a co parable and acceptable quality and thus can enhance the ways to strengthen the institutional role in the provision of AI services.

Knowledge Management: Journal