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Prevalence of Bovine Tuberculosis and Its Effects on Milk Production in Red Chittagong Cattle

M. M. Rahman
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science

M. A. Samad
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is one of the most prevalent economically important zoonotic diseases and tuberculin test has been widely used to detect its prevalence worldwide. This study used a commercial immunochromatographic assay (ICGA) to detect the prevalence of bTB and to evaluate the differences in milk production between lactating cows with positive and negative results in Bangladesh. Thirty Red Chittagong (indigenous) cattle (RCC) were randomly selected from a herd of 87 RCC maintained at the Bangladesh Agricultural University Dairy Farm (BAUDF), Mymensingh during the period from March to July 2008, of which 30% cattle showed positive reaction to bTB. Of the 30 tested cattle, 35.29% (6/17) lactating cows, 20.0% (1/5) non-lactating pregnant cows, 33.33% (1/3) weaned calves and 20.0% (1/5) unweaned calves showed positive reaction to bTB. The detection of bTB in two calves and their respective mother cows indicates the possible transmission of TB organism through their colostrums / milk. Of the 17 lactating cows, 6 cows had positive and 11 had negative results to bTB. Cows with positive results produced less milk ( mean 1.29 litre / day / cow ) in comparison to cows with negative test ( mean 1.57 litre / day/ cow ) results which appeared as 17.83% reduction of milk production. Further study on the mastitis with or without bTB and its effect on milk production require data of more herds for conclusion of these results.

Keywords: Red Chittagong cattle, bovine tuberculosis, immunochromatographic assay, milk production

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Knowledge Management

Commodity:

Objectives:

An immunochromatographic assay (ICGA) and a Latex bead agglutination assay (LBAA) have been evaluated for serodiagnosis of bTB with high sensitivity and specificity (Koo et al., 2005). Among these three serodiagnostic tests, ICGA as Anigen Rapid Bovine TB Ab Test Kit has been used for the first time in Bangladesh to detect the prevalence of bTB and its effect on milk production in lactating cows.

Methodology:

A herd of 87 Red Chittagong cattle (RCC) reared under the Red Chittagong Cattle Development Project (RCCDP) at the Bangladesh Agricultural University Dairy Farm (BAUDF), Mymensingh was selected for the study of Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) during the period of five months from March to July 2008. Of the 87 cattle of the herd, 30 animals were randomly selected for this study which includes 17 lactating cows, 5 non-lactating pregnant cows, 3 weaned calves and 5 un-weaned calves and these randomly selected animals were aged between two months to eight years.The Anigen Rapid Bovine TB Ab Test Kit was locally supplied by the Advance Animal Science Co. Ltd., Bangladesh and the test kit was stored at 4⁰C and used as per manufacturers’ instruction. Briefly, the test kit was brought out from the foil pouch, and placed it on a flat, dry surface. Four drops of serum were slowly added to the sample hole with the specimen dropper. If the migration has not appeared after 1 minute, one more drop of the specimen was added to the sample hole. A test result was observed purple band in the result window of the kit and read the test result within 20 minutes. In positive cases, intensity of the faint purple band appeared within 20 minutes. No result read after 20 minutes. Milk production records of the 17 lactating cows (negative and positive to bTB) were recorded daily for one week to detect the effects of bTB on milk production. Statistical analysis –lactating cows were grouped on the basis of test results (positive vs negative). Student’s ‘t’ test was used to test the differences of milk production between bTB positive and negative cows.

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (2): 175–178

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results of this study apply only to the study herd and the prevalence of mastitis caused by bTB, calving, parity, duration of lactation and total milk production for the previous and current lactation periods should be taken into consideration when extrapolating these results to other herds. The results of this study indicate that bTB is prevalent at high rate with some effect on milk production in a dairy herd in Bangladesh. Therefore, further study on the epidemiology and effects of bTB on milk production with zoonotic implication with participation of more herds would be required.

Knowledge Management: Journal