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Studies on Medicinal Plants Against Gastroinstestinal Nematodes of Goats

M. A. Sujon
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science,

M. Mostofa
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science,

M. S. Jahan
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science,

A. R. Das
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science,

S. Rob
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science,

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A detailed investigation was performed with the aim to find out the indigenous medicinal plants having anthelminthic action. Ten (10) indigenous medicinal plants were primarily selected and the ethanol extracts were prepared for anthelminthic trial and determination of anthelminthic properties in vitro and in vivo against the gastro-instestinal nematodes in goat during the period from July 2006 to December 2006. Screening of ethanol extracts of selected plants showed the anthelmintic activity against gastrointestinal nematodes at lower concentration (50 mg/ml). In vivo screening (by oral administration) of four plant extracts (ethanol) showed variable degree of efficacy in experimentally infected goats, as measured by faecal egg count reduction test. A relatively higher efficacy was recorded in ethanol extract of neem treated animals in comparison to other plants extracts. Ethanol extracts of korolla also showed significant efficacy. The results obtained in this study showed that ethanol extract of Labanga, Neem, Karolla and Pineapple at the dose of 100mg/kg showed a significant and potent antinematodal effect. These findings indicate that the adult gastrointestinal nematodes are more vulnerable to selected indigenous plants. Within these ten (10) plants 4 showed more than 70% efficacy at a concentration of 100mg/mkg.

Keywords: Medicinal plants, anthelmintics, nematodes, fecal egg count, goat

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-07-2006

End Date: 30-11-2006

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Goat

Objectives:

The present study has taken great impetus. This research work provides useful information on anthelmintic properties of some common medicinal plants to select the potential plants to be used against gastrointestinal nematodes of goats.

Methodology:

The present study was conducted during the period from July, 2006 to November, 2006 in the laboratory of the Department of Parasitology and Department of Pharmacology and Central Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh with the aim for screening of indigenous medicinal plants for their anthelmintic activities against gastro-intestinal (g/i) nematodes in goat. Ten (10) indigenous medicinal plants Anaros (Pineapple: Ananas comosus), Ata (Custard apple: Annona reticulata Linn), Durba grass (Couch grass: Cynodon dactylon), Karolla (Bitter gourd: Momordica charantia), Katakhura (Katakhura: Amaranthus spinosus), Labanga (Cloves: Eugenia caryophyllus), Neem (Neem: Azadirachta indicaica), Pan (Betel leaf: Piper betle), Pat (Jute: Corchorus oletorious) and Tamak Tobacco( Nicotina tabacum), were collected from BAU campus and its surrounding rural areas. These plants were screened for their anthelmintic activity in vitro using g/i worms. But in vivo screening of four (Anaros (Pineapple: Ananas comosus), Karolla (Bitter gourd: Momordica charantia), Labanga (Cloves: Eugenia caryophyllus) and Neem (Neem: Azadirachta indicaica), selected plants was performed using experimentally infected goats to determine their efficacy. After collection and bringing them to the laboratory, all fresh leaves, seeds and bark were washed in running tap water and cut into small pieces. Firstly, the plant materials were dried in shade and then they were dried in the oven at 55- 60°C. Dust was prepared by pulverizing the dried leaves, seeds and barks with the help of a manual grinder. A 25-mesh diameter sieve was used to obtain fine dust and preserved them into airtight plastic container, till their use in extract preparation. Adult nematodes were obtained from the g/I tracts of goats slaughtered in the local markets. Briefly the abomasai, small and large intestines were collected and brought to the laboratory. They were opened in a plastic bucket separately and the contents were washed in tap water. The process was repeated for several times until the sediment becoming transparent. Then the adult g/i worms were collected with the help of a needle and placed in a petridish containing PBS (Phosphate Buffer Saline). Petri-dish containing the worms was kept in incubator at 38°C until required for experiment on the same day. In vitro screening with pharmacological preparations (Ethanol extracts) of different plants was performed using adult g/i nematodes. The following techniques were followed for in vitro screening.

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (2): 179–183

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results obtained in this study showed that ethanol extract of Labanga, Neem, Karolla and pineapple at the dose of 100mg/kg showed a significant and potent antinematodal effect. However, the present study encourages further need for research into these cheap indigenous althelmintic medicinal plants against the gastrointestinal nematodal infection in goat.Plant anthelmintics have been in the forefront of this growing awareness. A reason for this could be that they fall into the category of readily applicable elements of ethnoveterinary medicine in livestock development. Due to poor economic condition and high cost of patent drugs, farmers are not able to buy these drugs. So, they depend on ethnoveterinary medicine mainly on herbal products for the treatment of their livestock and other animals. Indigenous system of medicine reports a numbers of plants for their anthelmintic efficacy. A number of researchers were also worked on the anthelmintic activity of medicinal plants

Knowledge Management: Journal