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Parasitic Diseases of Exotic Carp in Bangladesh

M. ARIFA AKTER
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

M. DELWER HOSSAIN
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

M. REDWANUR RAHMAN
Institute of Environmental Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Five exotic carp species viz. Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Cyprinus carpio var. specularis, Cyprinus idellus, Cyprinus carpio var. communis and Puntius gonionotus were examined for parasitic diseases out of which 793 fishes were infected by 3 protozoan (Trichodina sp., Ichthyophthirius sp. and Chilodonella sp.), 2 monogenean (Gyrodactylus sp., Dactylogyrus sp.), 2 trematoda (Gorgotrema sp., Metadena sp.), 4 cestoda (Rhopalothyrax sp., Marsipometra sp., Lytocestus sp. and Senga sp.), 2 nematoda (Camallanus sp., Procamallanus sp.), 3 crustacean (Argulus sp., Alitropus sp. and Lamproglena sp.) and 1 insect (Dipteran larvae) parasitic species. These parasites were isolated from body slime, gills and intestine of the infected fishes. In general species wise parasitic average prevalence was highest in Argulus sp. (20.07%) in H. molitrix and lowest in Metadena sp. (2.85%) in C. carpio var. communis. Average abundance was highest in Argulus sp. (0.70) in H. molitrix and lowest was in Lamproglena sp. (0.04) in C. carpio var. communis. Average mean density was highest in Chilodonella sp. (10.00) in C. carpio var. specularis and lowest in Procamallanus sp. (2.08) in C. carpio var. communis.

Keywords: Parasites, Diseases, Exotic carp in Bangladesh

Location: Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi

Start Date: 00-07-2004

End Date: 00-06-2006

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Carp fish

Objectives:

To isolated and identify common external and internal parasites and the nature of infestation of freshwater exotic fishes.

Methodology:

A total number of 1431 fishes were examined of which 793 species were infected by different ecto and endoparasites from July, 2004 to June 2006. These fishes were mainly caught from the ponds of Rajshahi Metropolitan City and the adjacent beels, rivers and water bodies. The fish species comprised exotic carps like of 299, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix; 278, Cyprinus carpio var. specularis; 279, Cyprinus idellus; 281, Cyprinus carpio var. communis and 294, Puntius gonionotus. Fishes were collected month wise from different water bodies and fish landing centres of sampling areas for detection of the presence of parasites. To find out parasites, fish was examined fresh while the parasites were still alive because their movement aids in locating and identifying them. Samples were brought to the Fisheries Research Laboratory, Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, in a bucket containing water. Immediate after the arrival, the total length and weight were recorded. External parasites from body surface, fin and gill were removed by scrapping the slime with a sharp scalpel in a drop of water on a clean dry glass slide and spreaded it evenly. After that a cover slip was placed over the materials. The gill arches were removed and macerated on slides and examined under a compound binocular and trinocular microscope. In case of monogeneans the gill were removed into petridishes containing water and gently scrapped to dislodge monogeneans. The monogeneans were removed on to clear slides with a fine pipette in a drop of water and covered with cover slip. For endoparasites fishes were dissected out ventrally by a sharp scalpel to observe parasites inside buccal cavity stomach and intestine. The whole gut was removed in a watch glass containing 0.9% physiological saline. Then cleaned several times with tap water to free from any unwanted materials. Small worms were searched initially with the help of magnifying glass by scrapping out mucus. Worms were then collected for identification. Ecto and endoparasites were identified up to genus on the basis of available taxonomical characters as described by Yamaguti (1958, 1963), Hafizuddin and Shahabuddin (1996), Agarwal and Sharma (1988). After identification only metazoan parasites were preserved in AFA (120 ml distilled water+ 6 ml Ethyl Alcohol+ 30 ml Formalin+10 ml Glycerin+0.5% neutral or methylene blue/Acetocarmine) solution for detailed study. The measurements of the parasites diameter, length, width were taken using oculo micrometer which was adjusted with stage micrometer. Diagrams were made with the aid of camera Lucida, Montex Camera. Prevelence, abundance and mean density were estimated. Level of infestation: Level of infestation was measured as follows- Low: 1 – 5 parasites / slide, Medium : 6 – 10 parasites / slide, High: more than 11 parasites / slide.

Source of Information: J Agric Rural Dev 5(1&2), 127-134, June 2007 ISSN 1810-1860

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In general species wise parasitic average prevalence was highest in Argulus sp. (20.07%) in H. molitrix and lowest in Metadena sp. (2.85%) in C. carpio var. communis. Average abundance was highest in Argulus sp. (0.70) in H. molitrix and lowest was in Lamproglena sp. (0.04) in C. carpio var. communis. Average mean density was highest in Chilodonella sp. (10.00) in C. carpio var. specularis and lowest in Procamallanus sp. (2.08) in C. carpio var. communis.

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