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Comparative Efficacy of Stevia Leaf (stevia Rebaudiana Berton), Methi Seeds (trigonella Foenum-graecum) and Glimepiride in Streptpzotocin Induced Diabeteic Rats

M. Mostofa
Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University

Kazi Rafiq
Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University

Akira Nishiyama
Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Kagawa University, Japan

B. C. Barman
Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University

Shamshad J. Sherajee
Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Kagawa University, Japan

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Medicinal plants are becoming very popular for the treatment of different diseases all over the world. The present study was conducted during January 2009 to June 2009 and investigated the effects of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) leaves, methi (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds in terms of their hypoglycemic activity compared to Glimepiride (Amaryl®, Aventies Pharmaceuticals). Diabetes was induced experimentally in the rats with Streptozotocin (STZ; 55 mg/kg, i.p.). Stevia, methi, combination of stevia-methi extracts and Amaryl ® tablet were orally administered daily at the rate of 100mg/kg, 500mg/kg, 500mg/kg and 800μg/kg respectively after 15 days of STZ injection for a period of 60 days. Changes in the blood glucose levels and body weights were measured and the results were compared statistically. The combined stevia-methi extract showed potent hypoglycemic effect than stevia and methi alone. STZ-induced body weight loss was improved in all groups except stevia treatment group

Keywords: Stevia, Methi, Glimepiride, STZ-induce Diabetic rats

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-01-2008

End Date: 30-06-2008

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Rats

Objectives:

to study the effect of aqueous extract of the Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni), Methi (Trigonella foenum-graecum) leaves on fasting blood glucose and body weight compare to glimepiride (Amaryl®) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out on 30 apparently healthy rats of Long Evans (Ratus norvegicus) rats having 5 weeks age matching and weighing between 100 to 150 g weights. The rats were collected from International Center of Diarrhea Disease Research (ICDDR’B), Dhaka, Bangladesh. During the experimental period, the rats were fed food in pellet form and tap water was supplied ad libitum. The rats were maintained in this condition for a period of one week to acclimatize them prior to experimental uses.Young Stevia plants were collected from BRAC tissue culture nursery at Joydevpur, Gazipur and then were reared for about three months on the roof of the Building-2, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Fresh Stevia leaves were obtained from that garden. Fresh methi leaves were collected from the Botanical Garden of BAU Campus and tablet Amaryl® were collected from K.R Market of BAU. The plants were authenticated from the Department of Botany, BAU, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Fresh Stevia leaves that were collected from the garden were oven dried first and then dried leaves were grinded with Grinder machine. Then 1g dried leaves samples were mixed with 10 ml distilled water and were allowed to stay for whole night. Everyday new extract were prepared following these techniques. Water extract of methi was made from 100g fresh seed sample by grinding with Grinder machine, and mixed with 2000 ml distilled water. Then the water extract was lyophilized collected as powder form by Freeze drying in Central Laboratory, BAU.Streptozotocin (STZ) was dissolved in 0.1 M citrate buffer having pH 4.5. To induce diabetic condition in rats STZ injected 55 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneal as done previously. STZ injection rapidly produced the characteristic signs of diabetes, such as increased intake of food and water, frequent urination and increased blood glucose concentration. After one week of STZ injection rats having more than 250 mg/dl random blood glucose concentrations and showing above-mentioned characteristic signs of diabetes were selected for this experiment. Blood samples were collected for blood glucose measurements at alternate weeks. Experimental 30 rats were divided into 6 groups (n=5) and treated intraperitoneal as follows: group-A as control (Con, without STZ). STZ-induced diabetic rats were divided into five groups (groups B, C, D, E, F) each consisting 5 rats. Group-B; diabetic control (STZ). Group-C; STZ + aqueous extract of stevia leaves @100 mg/kg, Group-D; STZ+ aqueous extract of methi leaves @ 500 mg/kg/ ,Group-E; STZ+ combination of aqueous extract of stevia and methi leaves @ 500 mg/kg, and group-F, Tablet Amaryl (glimepiride, Aventis) @ 800 μg/kg.

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2010). 8(1): 57– 61

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In this present study, at day 0 and day 90 of treatment, average body weight of control and STZ groups were 136.20±5.24g, 124.00±7.11g and 136.92±5.22g, 121.57±7.26g respectively. On the other hand treatment with stevia leaf extracts lowered body weight gain 1.6%. At day 0 and day 90 of treatment, methi seed extract treatment showed 124.80±7.76g, 128.25±6.98g body weight. Combined stevia and methi extracts (500mg/kg) showed 125.40±8.08g and 130.40±8.17g body weight at day 0 and day 90 respectively. At day 0 and day 90 of treatment, tablet Amaryl (800μg/kg) treatment group showed 125.65±5.13g and 132.85±4.96g body weight respectively

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