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Effects of Selenium and Vitamin B6 with Their Combination in Lead Acetate Induced Toxicities in Long Evans Rats

M. A. Ali
MS Student,Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. A. Awal
MS Student,Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. Mostofa
Professor
Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. A. Islam
Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

A. Ghosh
PhD Student, Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was performed on 75 long Evans male rats (Rattus norvegicus), weighing about 145 -170 gm, maintained under standard laboratory condition on pellet diet and drinking water ad libitum. All the rats were randomly divided into five equal groups. Each group comprised of fifteen (15) rats and were marked as group A, B, C, D and E. Group A without treatment, group B lead acetate alone @ 20 mg/kg b.wt., group C lead acetate @ 20 mg/kg b.wt. plus sodium selenite 5 ml (from a stock solution 1.5 mg diluted in 1 litre distilled water), group D lead acetate @ 20 mg/kg b.wt. plus vitamin B6 45 mg/kg b.wt., group E lead acetate @ 20 mg/kg. b.wt. plus sodium selenite 5 ml (from a stock solution 1.5 mg diluted in 1 litre distilled water) plus vitamin B6 45 mg/kg b.wt. All treatments were given once daily for 28 consecutive days. In the present study, the effect of sodium selenite and vitamin B6 in lead induced toxicities in rats were observed. Toxic signs and body weight change, haematological parameters like Total Erythrocyte Count (TEC), Total Leukocyte Count (TLC), hemoglobin content (Hb%) and Packed Cell Volume (PCV), biochemical parameters such as Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase SGPT/ALT, Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT/AST) and postmortem changes in rats were investigated. Rats treated with lead acetate showed severe toxic signs and significantly (p< 0.01) reduced TEC, TLC, Hb% and PCV. Significant (p< 0.01) elevation of SGPT and SGOT were also found. But rats treated with lead acetate along with sodium selenite and vitamin B6 showed almost normal levels of haematological and biochemical parameters. Lead acetate produces congestion and necrosis in liver, spleen and kidney, whereas simultaneous use of lead acetate, sodium selenite and vitamin B6 recovered the condition. From this experiment it is revealed that combine use of sodium selenite and vitamin B6 is highly protective against lead toxicity.

Keywords: Rats, Sodium selenite, Lead acetate, Vitamin B6

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Fortified food

Objectives:

In the present study an attempt has been under taken to study the effect of selenium and vitamin B6 in lead induced toxicity in rats with the aim to observe the toxic signs and body weight, some hematological parameters like, Total Erythrocyte Count (TEC), Total Leukocyte Count (TLC), Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and hemoglobin content (Hb), some biochemical parameters such as Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT)/ALT, Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT)/AST, postmortem changes and lead content in different organs like blood, liver, kidney, brain, femur in rats.

Methodology:

The study was conducted on 75 rats weighing about 145-170 g, maintained on standard laboratory condition with pellet diet (ICDDR, B) and drinking water ad-libitum. The rats were collected from Department of Pharmacology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. The rats were kept under close observation for a period of seven days in order to maintain good health for conducting experiment properly. All the rats were kept in a compartmented rectangular metallic and well-ventilated animal cages wrapped with wire mesh with relative humidity of 70-80% and at 28±2⁰C temperature. The room lighting consisted of alternate 12 hours light and dark periods. After observation, all the rats were randomly divided into five (05) equal groups. Each group comprised of fifteen (15) rats and was marked as groups A, B, C, D and E. All rats were subjected to treat with the help of a measuring dropper once daily for a period of four weeks.Required amount of lead acetate and vitamin B6 were diluted in 5 ml distilled water and 1.5 mg sodium selenite was diluted in 1 litre distilled water and were administered daily orally. For determining hematological and biochemical parameters 4.5 ml blood were collected from each rats of 25 rats (from 75 rats of rats group A, B, C, D and E) with aseptic precaution at 0 day (immediate previous day of treatment). Rats were starved and anaesthetized with chloroform and blood samples were collected directly from heart with the help of disposable syringe and needle by opening abdominal cavity and then the rats were sacrificed and were dissected to observe the post mortem changes. Immediately after collection of 1.5 ml blood, was transferred to sterile test tube containing anticoagulant at a ratio of 1:10 for hematological examination. The rest (3 ml) blood of each rat was then transferred in separate sterile glass test tube. After clotting, the attachment of the clot to the wall of the test tube was detached by a long fine needle moving slowly in between the clot and test tube wall up to the bottom of the tube. Then the test tubes with clot were kept overnight at 4⁰C in a refrigerator. In the next morning, the test tubes were centrifuged in a centrifuge machine (Hettich, Universal II, and Germany) at 1500 rotation per minute (rpm) for 15 minutes. The supernatant sera were collected by individual sterile Pasteur pipette into corresponding marked sterile tubes and kept at -20⁰C in deep freeze until tested. At day 14 and at day 28 of treatment blood sample collection was done gradually from the rest of the rats (50) of group A, B, C, D and E at the same procedure above.Data obtained from the experiment on body weight, hematological and biochemical parameters were expressed as Mean ± SE and analyzed statistically using Students ‘t’ test.

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2010). 8(1): 63 – 73

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is concluded that the treatment with sodium selenite in lead induced toxicity is much more effective in restoring lead induced hematological and biochemical alterations and in mobilizing of lead from tissues. The effectiveness of sodium selenite together with vitamin B6 was the highest and then followed by sodium selenite and vitamin B6. Further descriptive study is needed that will be beneficial for human being and for animal.

Knowledge Management: Journal