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Crop Land Shift Into Mango Orchard: Causes, Impacts and Profitability Under New Farming Systems in BARInd Area of Bangladesh

GW Sarker
PSO
Agricultural Economics Division, BRRI, Gazipur

J C Biswas
PSO
Soil Science Division, BRRI, Gazipur

M Maniruzzaman
PSO
Irigation and Waer Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Barind ecosystem is characterized by drought, extreme temperature,eratic rainfall and drawdown of ground water which restricts economic utilization of natural resources for field crop production. Farmers in this region have started to shift crop land into fruits cultivation due to scarcity of water and high profit. The study assessed the challenge and opportunity of mango cultivation in comparison with rice/non-rice crops cultivation in Barind area. The study was conducted in Rajshahi and Chapai Nawabgonj districts. A total of 85 sample farmers were interviewed to collect information. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and NPw, BCR and IRR technique. Although mango cultivation required initial higher cost, it received the higher net return as well as BCR compared to other crops. This is the main reason behind which farmers were more interested to shift their crop land into mango orchard. Besides, farmers’ attitudes toward area substitution for mango orchard seemed to be very positive due to water scarcity, high profitability, easy cultivation process, land suitability and favorable environment for mango cultivation. Although mango is a profitable crop, due to some setbacks few farmers have showed negative attitudes toward its production. They have experienced different constraints to its cultivation such as diseases and insect’s infestation, lack of training, credit and marketing facilities. Mango cultivation also has positive impact to household income and livelihoods pattern but some farmers reported that increasing mango area may decrease rice and non-rice production. Farmers reported various sources from which they were motivated to mango orchard.

Keywords: Crop land shiffment, Mango cultivation, Causes of crop land shifment, Baraind area

Location: Rajshahi district and Chapai Nawabganj districs

Start Date: 01-07-2013

End Date: 30-06-2014

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Adoption of technology

Objectives:

To assess the socio-economic status of mango orchard farmers;
To estimate the relative profitability of mango production;
To identify the factors responsible for crop land shift into mango orchard;
To explore the problems of cultivating mango at farm level; and
To suggest future policy guidelines for transformation of land in Barind area.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in Rajshahi and Chapai Nawabganj. Tanore and Godagari Upazilas from Rajshahi district and Gomastapur Upazila from Chapai Nawabganj district were purposely selected for the study. A total of 85 mango growing farmers (55 from Rajshahi and 30 from Chapai Nawabganj) were randomly selected for interviewing. Collected data were edited, summarized, tabulated and analyzed to fulfill the objectives of the study. Descriptive statistics using different statistical tools like averages, percentages and ratios were used in presenting the results. The profitability of crops and mango production was examined on the basis of gross return, gross margin and benefit cost analysis. In addition, project appraisal technique was used to measure the returns to investment on mango orchard using the following equations:

Net Present Worth (NPW): The NPV of an investment is the discounted value of all cash inflows and cash outflows of the project during its lifetime.

Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR): The BCR of an investment is the ratio of the discounted value of all cash inflows to the discounted value of all cash outflows during the life of the project. I

Internal Rate of Return (IRR): IRR is the rate of return at which the NPV of a stream of payments/incomes is equal to zero.

Source of Information: Proceedings of the BRRI Annual Internal Review for 2013-14

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Although mango cultivation required initial higher cost, it received the higher net return as well as BCR compared to other crops. This is the main reason behind which farmers were more interested to shift their crop land into mango orchard. Besides, farmers’ attitudes toward area substitution for mango orchard seemed to be very positive due to water scarcity, high profitability, easy cultivation process, land suitability and favorable environment for mango cultivation. Although mango is a profitable crop, due to some setbacks few farmers have showed negative attitudes toward its production. They have experienced different constraints to its cultivation such as diseases and insect’s infestation, lack of training, credit and marketing facilities. Mango cultivation also has positive impact to household income and livelihoods pattern but some farmers reported that increasing mango area may decrease rice and non-rice production. Farmers reported various sources from which they were motivated to mango orchard.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings