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Bacteriological and Pathological Investigation of Nasal Passage Infections of Chickens (gallus Gallus)

M. S. Hossain
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

S. Akter
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. Ali
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

P. M. Das
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. M. Hossain
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during July 2011 to May 2012 to investigate the prevalence of bacteria as well as pathological lesions in the nasal passages of dead chickens. Thirty nasal passage swabs from 30 dead birds (20 from SK Veterinary Diagnostic Centre (SKVDC) and 10 from the Department of Pathology, BAU were collected in sterile nutrient broth. The histopathological samples (n=6) were collected in 10% neutral buffered formalin. The isolation and identification of bacteria were performed by culturing in different media, staining and biochemical tests. The collected tissues were fixed, processed, sectioned, stained and studied with light microscope. The prevalence of bacteria 30.43% Escherichia coli, 47.83% Staphylococcus sp., 13.04% Pasteurella sp., and 8.69% Klebsiella sp. were found in nasal passages (n=30) of dead chickens. Two cases of mixed infection with E. coli and Pasteurella isolates, and one case with Klebsiella and E. coli isolates were identified. Six tissue samples of grossly identifiable lesions such as congested and mucus filled nasal passages from 6 dead chickens were processed for histopathology. Microscopically, the section of nasal passages in general showed congested mucosa with excessive infiltration of heterophils and lymphocytes. The lining epithelia of nasal passage revealed acanthosis, hyperkeratosis and disruption of nasal epithelia. There was also hyperplasia of different mucous glands of nasal passages. Klebsiella sp. affected nasal tissues showed comparatively severe lesions than that of other bacterial infection in chickens.

Keywords: Bacteria, Pathology, Rhinitis, Chickens

Location: Department of Pathology, BAU, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2011

End Date: 00-05-2012

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Poultry

Objectives:

To isolate, identify and detect the prevalence of the bacteria from nasal passage of chickens and
To determine the pathological lesions in nasal passage.

Methodology:

A total of 30 nasal swabs from layer birds of average age 6 months, of which 20 swabs from SKVDC, Durgabari Road, Mymensingh, and 10 swabs from Department of Pathology, BAU, were collected for the isolation of bacteria. Six tissue samples grossly, identifiable lesions such as congested and inflamed nasal passages of four from SKVDC, and two from Department of Pathology, BAU, were collected in 10% buffered formalin for histopathology. The study was conducted during July 2011 to May 2012. From the nutrient broth, 30 swab samples were placed in nutrient agar plate and incubated for overnight at 37°C for the growth of the organisms following routine procedures. Five basic sugars such as dextrose, sucrose, lactose, maltose and mannitol were used to determine the fermentation properties of the organisms. Three samples of tentatively diagnosed E. coli, 3 samples of tentatively diagnosed Pasteurella sp. and 2 samples of tentatively diagnosed Klebsiella sp. were used for carbohydrate fermentation test. The test was performed by inoculating 5 ml of nutrient broth culture of the organisms into the test tubes containing different sugar media and incubated for 72 hours at 37°C. Acid production was indicated by the color change from red to yellow of the medium and the gas production was noted.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 11(1): 47-55 (2013) ISSN 2304-7321 (Online), ISSN 1729-5211 (Print), A Scientific Journal of Krishi Foundation

Article Link (Online Journal): http://banglajol.info/index.php/AGRIC/article/view/15241/10805

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The recorded lesions of nasal passages of chicken in the present investigation were rhinitis. The prevalence of bacteria 30.43% E. coli, 47.83% Staphylococcus sp., 13.04%., Pasteurella sp., and 8.69% Klebsiella sp., were found in nasal passages of dead chickens. Two cases of mixed infection of E. coli and Pasteurella isolates, and one case of mixed infection with Klebsiella and E. coli isolates were identified. Grossly identifiable lesions such as congestion and mucus filled nasal passages were found. Microscopically, the section of the nasal passages in general showed congestion with excessive infiltration of heterophils and lymphocytes. The lining epithelia of nasal passage revealed acanthosis, hyperkeratosis and disruption of nasal epithelia. There was also hyperplasia of different mucous glands of nasal Bacteria of Nasal Passage of Chickens and Pathological Lesions 53 passages. Klebsiella sp. affected nasal tissues showed comparatively severe lesions than other bacteria affected nasal tissues of chickens. The identified bacteria from nasal passage of chickens and pathological lesions will enrich the knowledge of veterinarian for the diagnosis of rhinitis and their treatment.

Knowledge Management: Journal