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Efficacy of Ivermectin (pour on Formulation) Against Ectoparasites in Sheep

M.A. Hanif
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. Mostofa
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. E. Choudhury
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.A. Awal
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. M. Rahmani
Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi.

M. R. Sultana
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Keywords: Ivermectin (pour on). Efficacy, Ectoparasites, Haematology, Sheep

Location: Animal house of Veterinary Clinic, Bangladesh Agricultural University. Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-02-2005

End Date: 00-03-2005

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Sheep

Objectives:

To study its efficacy against ectoparasitic infestation and its effect on certain haematological parameters and body weight gain in sheep.

Methodology:

The research has been carried out from February to March 2005 on 20 sheep (infested and non infested with ectoparasites) of both sexes aged upto 3 to 4 years at the animal house of Veterinary Clinic, Bangladesh Agricultural University. Mymensingh to study the efficacy of ivermectin pour on (lvermec® Pour on, Ethical Drugs Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh) against ectoparasites and its effect on certain haematological (Hb, TEC and PCV) parameters and body weight gain. Fifteen sheep heavily infested with different ectoparasites were randomly divided into 3 equal groups (groups B, C and D) consisting of 5 sheep in each. Another 5 sheep free from any ectoparasitic infestation were kept as uninfested control group (group A). Topical ivermectin preparation was administered at the dose rate of 400 !J,g I kg body weight (pour on) and 500 IJ.g I kg body weight (pour on) in groups C and D respectively whereas sheep of group B was kept as infested control. After pour on of ivermectin, all the sheep of treated and untreated groups were closely observed for 28 days and various parameters like clinical parameters (severity of infestation, feeding efficiency, conditions of hair coat, body weight and adverse effects) and hematological parameters (TEC, Hb and PCV) were studied. All'the sheep were allowed free pasture grazing for 2 - 3 hours daily. Adequate feed and plenty of water were also provided to all the sheep. The severity of infestation of ectoparasites (ticks and lice) was observed by counting the number of ectoparasites in a selected area of the individual sheep. The ectoparasites were detected by visual examination of the sheep and the number of parasites was recorded. The procedure of examination was to count the ectoparasites (ticks and lice) of abdominal region within an area of 5 em x 4 em (20 square em). The selected 20 square em were marked with a permanent colour and the ticks and lice within this area were counted at pre-treatment (0 day) and post-treatment (7, 14, 21 & 28 day) period. Hair coat of the treated sheep as well as the untreated infested and non-infested control groups were physically examined before and after treatment. Body weight of each sheep under experiment was taken before treatment and after treatment also. Blood samples were collected from Jugular vein of the sheep of treated and control group in vials containing anticoagulant (Sodium citrate 3.8 %) at day 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 of treatment period and the effects of ivermectin on the various hematological parameters (TEC, Hb and PCV) were determined as per method described by (Coffin. 1955). The data were analyzed statistically between control and treated groups by using Student 't' test according to the standard procedures described by Snedecor and Cochran ( 1980).

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2005). 3 (2): 140-143

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results revealed that topical application of ivermectin was 100% effective against ecotparasites in sheep. This effectiveness was determined by reduction number of ectoparasites resulting various physiological, haematological changes. This result is in conformity with the earlier workers (Williams and Plue, 1992; Pramanik et al., 1996; Rendall and Callinan, 1996; Sisodia et al., 1996; Rehbein et al., 1997). From the present investigation it may be concluded that ivermectin pour on formulation may be used effectively and conveniently to treat ectoparasitic infestation in sheep.

Knowledge Management: Journal