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Suitability of the Physical Properties of Soil for Crop Production: a Study in Tangail Sadar

S. A. Mamun
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902

F. Rahman
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902

F. Yeasmin
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902

M. A. Islam
Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Use of imbalanced chemical fertilizer and changing crop and cropping pattern are becoming a serious threat for the sound environment of the soil. The study provided an assessment of the present status of soil quality of Tangail Sadar based on the laboratory analysis of physical parameters such as bulk density, water holding capacity, sand, silt and clay percentage from July, 2010 to December, 2010. 40 soil samples from 20 different places were collected from 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depth of the soil from 5 locations mentioned as Porabari, Santosh, Gharinda, By-pass and Ashekpur. The study conducted revealed that among the 40 soil samples, 30 soil's textural classes are sandy clay loam, 7 are sandy clay and rests 3 are clay loam and the pH value ranges from 5.3 to 6.4. The comparative analysis shows that the average texture class is sandy clay loam, which is not relevant to the standard level because the standard texture class is loamy. The average moisture percentage, bulk density and water holding capacity are found 2.865 %, 0.0926 gm/cm³ and 9.44% respectively which are almost similar to standard values and almost soil are suitable for plant growth.

Keywords: Soil physical properties, Tangail, Comparison, Soil

Location: Tangail Sadar of Tangail district

Start Date: 00-01-2010

End Date: 00-12-2010

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Soil fertility

Objectives:

1. To observe the physical properties of soil, 2. To observe the chemical properties of soil, 3. To compare the physicochemical properties of soil of Tangail Sadar with the standard values.

Methodology:

Sample collection - The soil samples were collected for physiochemical analysis from Porabari, Santosh, Gharinda, By-pass and Ashekpur. Each sampling sites were divided into four sampling points, and from each sampling points, the bulk of soil samples representing 0-15 cm and 15- 30 cm depth from the surface were collected by composite soil sampling method as suggested by the Soil Survey Staff of the USDA. The samples were scraped from top to bottom with the help of an augar and mixed thoroughly. Samples were put in polythene bags, tagged with rubber band and labeled. For the bulk portion, samples were collected with spade. Sample Analysis - Particle size analysis was done by Hydrometer method, percentage of moisture present in the airdried soil was determined by drying method. A known amount of soil were dried in an electric oven at 105^oC for 24 hours until constant weight was obtained and the moisture percentage was calculated by determining the loss of moisture from the samples, bulk density analysis was done by Core method, water holding capacity was determined by differences between drying known amount of soil in an electric oven at 105^oC for 24 hours until by determining the loss of moisture from the samples, soil pH was measured electrochemically by using a glass electrode pH meter at a soil: water ratio of 1:2.5, organic carbon of the soil sample was determined volumetrically by wet oxidation method of Walkley and Black, available phosphorus of soil was extracted by using the Bray and Kartz method. The extract was estimated colorimetrically following the blue color method using ascorbic acid. Extract was analyzed by a spectrophotometer at 882 nm, available potassium in soil was determined by flame analyzer after the soil was extracted with 1N ammonium acetate at pH 7, calcium and magnesium of soil samples were determined by classical routine method by complexometeric titration using EDTA. The organic matter was determined by multiplying the percentage of organic carbon with conventional Van-Bemmelen’s factor of 1.724. The total phosphorus content of the soil was determined colorimetrically in a spectrophotometer at 420nm by developing yellow color with vanadomolybdate after the extract was collected by digesting the soil with aqua regia (HCl:HNO₃:: 3:1), total potassium content in soil was determined by the aqua regia digestion method using concentrated HCl and concentrated HNO₃ in the ratio of 3:1. After collection of the extract the potassium content in soil was determined by Flame analyzer, total nitrogen of soil samples were determined by Kjeldahl’s method following concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) digestion as suggested by Jackson. The distillation of digested samples was done with 40% NaOH and the distillate was collected on a 2% Boric acid mixed indicator. The distillate was titrated against N/100 H₂SO₄, Textural classes were determined by Marshall’s Triangular Co-ordinates, as designed by the USDA. Extraction of available S was made by 500 ppm P solution from calcium biphosphate with a soil to extracting ratio of 1:5 and 10 gm soil was taken. The S content was determined by turbid metric method and the turbidity was measured by a spectrophotometer at 420 nm, total sulfur was quantified on the aqua regia digest turbid metrically. Statistical analysis - All the experimental data collected from different stations were statistically analyzed. Analyses were done by using SPSS statistical package, Microsoft office and Microsoft Excel. Finally the analyzed data were integrated and presented as tables, graphs and as explanation in the text.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 4(2): 121-125, 2011; ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study conducted revealed that among the 40 soil samples, 30 soil's textural classes are sandy clay loam, 7 are sandy clay and rests 3 are clay loam and the pH value ranges from 5.3 to 6.4. The comparative analysis shows that the average texture class is sandy clay loam, which is not relevant to the standard level because the standard texture class is loamy. The average moisture percentage, bulk density and water holding capacity are found 2.865 %, 0.0926 gm/cm³ and 9.44% respectively which are almost similar to standard values and almost soil are suitable for plant growth.

Knowledge Management: Journal