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Use of Artificial Substrate in Pond Culture of Freshwater Prawn (macrobrachium Rosenbergii): a New Approach Regarding Growth Performance and Economic Return

Dilshad Milky Tuly
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore-7408, Bangladesh

Md. Sherazul Islam
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore-7408, Bangladesh

Mst. Hasnahena
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore-7408, Bangladesh

Md. Rezwanul Hasan
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore-7408, Bangladesh

Md. Tawhid Hasan
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore-7408, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted for six months to evaluate the effects of artificial substrates on the survival, growth and production of Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles. The T1 contained locally available bamboomade substrate both vertical and horizontal and T2 received no substrate. Juvenile prawns (0.40±0.13 g) were stocked at the rate of 19,760 prawns ha-1. The water quality parameters range such as temperature, pH and DO were 22.06-33.45°C, 7.70-8.40 and 4.75-6.15 mgl-1 respectively which was no significant difference (P<0.05) between two treatments. The final weight was 56.48±6.56 g and 45.03±2.11 g in T1 and T2 respectively. The survival rate of T1 was 63.12% which was significantly higher (P>0.05) than T2 (56.87%). The specific growth rate, food conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio were 1.19 % and 1.14 %, 3.15 and 4.39, 0.98 and 0.71 in T1 and T2 respectively which were not significantly different (P<0.05) between treatments. The total production and net profit in T1 was 1408 kgha-1 and BDT 117,325 ha-1 which was significantly higher (P>0.05) than T2. Thus growth and survival of prawn juveniles improved in presence of artificial substrate which could be economically viable technique for the freshwater prawn culture

Keywords: Artificial substrate, Freshwater prawn, Pond culture, Growth performance, Economic return

Location: Fisheries and Marine Bioscience Department, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Prawn

Objectives:

The present study was designed to attain potential benefits by using locally available bamboo-made substrate in prawn grow out system in pond condition.

Methodology:

Experimental site and preparation of ponds: The present experiment was conducted in four experimental earthen ponds (0.004 ha each) at the field complex of the Fisheries and Marine Bioscience Department, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore, Bangladesh. Lime was applied at the rate of 250 kgha-1. After four days of liming, cow dung, urea and triple super phosphate (TSP) were used at the rates of 1,250 kg, 25 kg and 12.5 kg per ha respectively. Organic and inorganic fertilizations were used to increase natural feed and productivity. A deep tube well was fitted to supply water using a PVC pipe and the water depth was maintained to a maximum of 1.5 m. Experimental design: The experiment consisted of two treatments (T1 and T2) with two replications of each treatment. T1 considered the using substrates while T2 was considered without substrates. For the substrates, two bamboo-mats (229 cm × 137 cm) were used in T1. The two unit placed as vertically and another horizontally along the side. The horizontal unit floated approximately 6 inches above the pond bottom so that three levels (including the pond bottom) were actually available. The juveniles were collected from a commercial hatchery and stocked on May 15 at a rate of 19,760 individualsha-1 with mean lengths and weights of 4.01±0.09 cm, 0.40±0.13 g and 4.34±0.11 cm, 0.40±0.13 g in T1 and T2 respectively. Feed and mode of feeding: A compound commercial fish feed was used, with proximate composition of 31.76±0.04% protein, 7.4% lipid, 18.62% ash and 9.84±0.03% moisture. Feed was supplied twice daily and the amount of feed was determined according to the rate of feed consumed that was regularly checked using feed sampling trays. It was noticed that the initial feeding rate was high (10% of body weight) that gradually decreased to 4% with increasing prawn body weight. Hydrographical parameters: Water quality parameters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH were measured fortnightly. Water temperature and DO were measured with a DO meter (Digital Oxygen meter, model DO-5510, Lutron electronic, PA, and USA) and pH was determined with a digital pH meter (HANNA, RI 02895, Portugal).Fish sampling: Experimental prawns were sampled monthly at the rate of 20% of the total stock. Substrates were not removed and only open areas were seined. Prawns were caught with a cast net and kept in water bowl. Prawns were released to the ponds immediately after measuring the length-weight of each individual sample. Total lengths were recorded to the nearest centimeter using the ordinary scale and weight was recorded to the nearest gram with an electric balance (EK 1200 I, A&D company, Japan). At the final harvest, the survival rate, the survival rate (%), net weight gain, mean daily weight gain (MDW), percentage of increment in weight and length and specific rate (SGR) were calculated.The food conversion ratio (FCR) expressed by the rate of food consumed to weight gain was determined through dividing the dry weight of food fed by the live weight gain of fish and multiplied by 100. Protein efficiency ratio (PER) is defined as the weight gain of fish with a unit weight (g) of crude protein fed that is calculated as dividing the live weight gain of fish by the crude protein fed and multiplied by 100. Data analysis: Regression analysis was performed to determine the relation of growth performance with growth effective parameters (temperature, pH, DO etc.). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test were used to determine the significance of variation among the treatments average. A significant level of P>0.05 was considered.

Source of Information: J Fish 2(1): 53-58, Apr 2014

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Present study shows that using substrate in the freshwater prawn culture ponds increase the survival, growth and production of the species. Bamboo-made substrate can be recommended for use in prawn growout system in Bangladesh as it is locally available and comparatively low cost material. However, further studies using different substrate should be carried out in growout ponds to ascertain the usefulness of the different substrates for growout of M. rosenbergii juveniles which could be flourished the prawn culture of the country.

Knowledge Management: Journal