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Comparative Evaluation of Commercial Serodiagnostic Tests for the Seroprevalence Study of Brucellosis in Stray Dogs in Bangladesh

B. C. Talukder
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh

M. A. Samad
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh

A K M A Rahman
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A prospective study of Brucella sero-prevalence was conducted in 30 stray dogs in Mymensingh Municipal Corporation area of Bangladesh during the period from January to December 2009. All the sera were screened primarily by Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT). Positive, doubtful and negative serum samples were further confirmed with Slow Agglutination Test (SAT), Standard Tube Agglutination Test (STAT) and indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and all the SAT, STAT and ELISA negative samples were confirmed as negative. The sensitivity of RBPT, SAT and STAT was found to be of 100%, 66.67% and 66.67% with considering ELISA as a standard test while specificity was found to be of 96.29%, 100% and 100% in stray dogs. This indicates that the SAT and STAT are found more specific than RBPT. Evaluation of comparison of sero-prevalence rates of canine brucellosis with the four sero-tests advocated to use ELISA for diagnosis of canine brucellosis. The overall sero-prevalence of canine brucellosis was recorded as 13.33%, 6.67%, 6.67% and 10.0% with RBPT, SAT, STAT and ELISA, respectively. Sero-results have analyzed on the basis of two age groups (up to 6 months and 7 to 36 months) and sex (male and female). Significantly (p<0.01) higher sero-prevalence rate of canine brucellosis was recorded in stray dogs aged between 7 to 36 months (14.81%, 7.40%, 7.40% and 11.11%) in comparison to aged group up to 6 months ( 0%, 0%, 0% and 0% ) with RBPT, SAT, STAT and ELISA, respectively. The sero-prevalence rate of canine brucellosis was found significantly (p <0.01) higher in female dogs (15.78%, 10.52%, 10.52% and 15.78%) in comparison to male (9.09%, 0%, 0% and 0%) with RBPT, SAT, STAT and ELISA, respectively. It appears from this study that brucellosis is an endemic disease and measures are needed to reduce this high prevalence of canine brucellosis in Bangladesh

Keywords: Sero-prevalence, Brucellosis, stray dogs, RBPT, ELISA

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-01-2009

End Date: 31-12-2009

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity:

Objectives:

This paper describes the seroprevalence of brucellosis in stray dogs detected by using four sero-tests in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

A total of 30 street dogs were caught with the help of Municipal Corporation of Mymensingh district during the period of January to December 2009. All the dogs caught for euthanasia were first examined the external appearance. The data about the sex and age of all the randomly selected dogs were collected by through examination of each of the dogs. The animals were controlled by locally prepared mechanical device and about 10 ml of blood was drawn directly from the left ventricle of heart with the help of sterile syringe and needle. During collection of blood all precaution were taken to avoid hemolysis. The collected blood was immediately transferred to the collecting test tubes and allowed to clot undisturbed at the room temperature for half an hour in the laboratory and later were kept overnight at 4 °C in refrigerator. Then the sera were separated in the next day by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes and the sera were stored at - 20 °C until tested. Each of the collected serum samples was tested with RBPT, STAT, SAT and ELISA as per the manufacturer’s instruction. The RBPT antigen (Veterinary Laboratory Agency, UK) prepared by a heat killed stained suspension of Brucella melitensis S99). The Brucella STAT antigen (Cypress Diagnostics, Belgium) was used for this test. The SAT (Symbiotic, concentrated suspension of Brucella abortus Weybridge, strain 99) was carried out with EDTA. Test results and potential association with age, sex and among tests were performed by SPSS 10.0 for Windows using Fisher’s exact test and Chi-square analysis.

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2011). 9(1): 79 – 83

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded from the results of this study that stray dog population in Bangladesh may be considered as a carrier of Brucella infection and might act as a risk for food animal and human health. Therefore, further studies should be conducted on the sero-prevalence of canine brucellosis simultaneously with B. abortus and B. canis derived antigens in a large population of stray and pet dogs with isolation and characterization of the causative agent

Knowledge Management: Journal