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Effect of Arsenic Amended Irrigation Water on Growth and Yield of Br-11 Rice (oryza Sativa L.) Grown in Open Field Gangetic Soil Condition in Rajshahi

M. A. K. Azad
Institute of Environmental Science, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi

A. H. M. F. K. Mondal
Institute of Environmental Science, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi

M. I. Hossain
Dept. of Geology & Mining, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi

M. Moniruzzaman
Dept. of Geography & Environmental Studies, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Rice was grown in an open-field Gangetic soil condition with arsenic amended irrigation water in experimental plot at Institute of Environmental Science of Rajshahi University to see the effect of arsenic (As) on growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.). A popular aman rice variety named BR-11 was cultivated with arsenic amended irrigation water (0 mg, 0.1 mg, 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, 2.0 mg and 4.0 mg/L As containing water) in a green house made of transparent poly-ethylene paper. Sodium arsenate (Na₂HAsO₄) was added to irrigation water for arsenic source. The tillers number, panicle length and grain yield of BR-11 rice were found to decrease significantly (p≤0.05) with increase of arsenic (As) concentration in irrigation water. The highest values of plant height and straw yield was observed in 0.5 mgL^-1 treatment, whereas highest tillers number, panicles number, panicle length and grain yield were found in control treatment. The lowest values of these parameters were observed in the treatment of 4.0 mgL^-1 As containing irrigation water.

Keywords: Arsenic, Grain, Rice, Straw

Location: Institute of Environmental Science of Rajshahi University located in north-western part of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-08-2011

End Date: 00-12-2011

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Arsenic

Objectives:

1. To observe the impact of irrigation water arsenic on growth and yield of BR-11 rice, 2. To find out the permissible limit of arsenic in irrigation water for rice cultivation.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in Gangetic soil condition. The properties of soil were total Nitrogen 0.04±0.02%, available P 25.3±0.04 ppm, available K 0.21±0.03 mol/kg, available S 15.7±0.05 ppm, available Z 0.68±0.04 ppm, pH 7.7±0.03, organic matter 0.80±0.05 and background total arsenic (As) 5.60±0.05 ppm. Rice variety, BR-11 is very popular aman variety in Bangladesh. This rice variety was cultivated for this experiment. Thirty-five days old seedlings were uprooted carefully from the seedbed in the morning from the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Rajshahi station and four seedlings for each hill with three replications were transplanted on the same day in experimental field on 7th August 2011. The seedlings which died within 6 days of transplantation were discarded and new seedlings were replaced. To support the plant growth, urea, triple super phosphate (TSP), murate of potash (MP) and gypsum fertilizer were applied for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur, respectively. The first spilt (one third of the dose) of urea and full doses of all other fertilizers were incorporated into the soil by hand before two days of seedling transplantation. The second and third splits of urea were applied after 30 (maximum tillering stage) and 70 (panicle initiation stage) days of transplantation, respectively. One insecticide named fighter was applied into the soil to kill the insects and aphids those attacked the rice plants. Sodium arsenate (Na2HAsO4) was used for arsenic source. Six arsenic treatments 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg/L As containing irrigation water were used in this experiment. After transplantation of rice seedlings, 3- 4 cm water above soil level was maintained in each treatment throughout the growth period. Irrigation was stopped before 10 days of harvest. The rice plants were cut at 4 cm above the soil. Rice grain was harvested at their maturity stage (120 days after transplantation) on 7th December 2011. Then the collected samples (straw and rice grain) from each treatment were tagged properly and sun dried for 3 days and then keeping the samples on a wooden table. The sun dried samples were stored in a drying cabinet at 45°C. Before taking the final weight, all samples were oven dried at 65°C for 72 hour. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) for rice growth and yield parameters of BR-11 rice were done for least significance difference (LSD). Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) was used for mean comparisons of the treatment at 5% level.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 55-59, 2012; ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Rice growth and yield were significantly affected by arsenic in irrigation water (p≤0.05). Lower concentration of arsenic in irrigation water (up to 0.5 mgL^-1) stimulated the rice growth and yield but higher concentration of arsenic in irrigation water (above 0.5 mgL^-1) reduced the rice growth and yield markedly. Farmers of Bangladesh should avoid above 0.5 mgL^-1 arsenic contaminated ground water for irrigation in rice cultivation.

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