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Retrospective Epidemiologic Study of Diseases in Ruminants in Khagrachari Hill Tract District of Bangladesh

M. H. Ali
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. K. J. Bhuiyan
Department of Agricultural Statistics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. M. Alam
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A retrospective epidemiologic study of animal diseases was undertaken at Khagrachari Sadar Veterinary Hospital during January, 2006 to December, 2010 to determine prevalence and distribution of animal diseases. According to the diseases register, a total of 3988 sick animals were examined and 53 types of diseases were identified during this period. The commonly found various diseases were worm infestation (51.5%), pneumonia and pneumonitis (7.9%), ephemeral fever (3.7%), enteritis (3.4%), mastitis(3.2%), mange (3.2%), indigestion (2.8%), anestrous(2.6%). Rest of the diseases had lower percentage than 2%. Out of 3988 sick animals, 74.7% were female and 25.3 % were male animals. Animals aged between 2-5 (A₁) years had high prevalence (54.0%) and it was low in age group 8-10 years (A₄), 2.4%. Prevalence of diseases was high (42.3%) in rainy season (June-October) followed by (32.5%) in winter (November-February) and lowest (25.2%) in summer season (March-May). Gastrointestinal diseases 61.6 % (2458 cases) was seen highly prevalent among all groups of animals which was followed by infectious diseases 10.4% (416 cases), skin diseases 9.4 % (377 cases), respiratory diseases 8.27% (330 cases) and reproductive diseases 7.93% (cases). This study suggests that for a period of 15 years or more will help to identify the risk factors of diseases in this area

Keywords: Retrospective study, Epidemiology, Diseases, Ruminants

Location: Khagrachari

Start Date: 01-01-2006

End Date: 31-12-2010

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity:

Objectives:

Therefore, a retrospective study was carried out to elucidate the epidemiology of diseases in domestic animals.

Methodology:

The retrospective data of 5 years from January 2006 to December 2010 were collected from patient register of Veterinary Hospital, Khagrachari sadar, Khagrachari maintained by veterinary surgeon. The data were analyzed retrospectively and interpreted to determine the prevalence of diseases; seasonal pattern and distribution of diseases. The age, sex, and body weight of the animals were collected from the register.The data were checked manually for obvious inconsistencies, recording errors or missing data. The potential errors were evaluated and corrected. Data with suspicious values were excluded. Data were statistically analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software 17.0 version. Chi-square test was used to know the association between different groups in respective cases. According to age, diseased animals were grouped as 0- 2, 2-5, 5-8 and 8-10 years. We considered three seasons as Summer from March to May, Rainy from June to October and Winter from November to February. During the period of study 3988 diseased animals were recorded from patient register. Among them 934 cases (23.4%) were cow, 180 cases (4.5%) were bull, 598 cases (15.0%) were heifer, 487 cases (12.2%) were calf, 1403 cases (35.2%) were goat, 45 cases (1.1%) were sheep and 341 cases (8.6%) were pig. Out of the total cases 1010 cases (25.3%) were male and 2978 cases (74.7%) were female. Male and female animal’s ratio was 1:3 approximately.

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2011). 9 (2) : 145 – 153

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on the results of this retrospective epidemiologic study of animal diseases of Khagrachari Sadar Veterinary Hospital, the most important 5 diseases were found: worm infestation, pneumonia and pneumonitis, enteritis, mange and ephemeral fever. Occurrence of the diseases was higher in female animals than male. Animals aged between 0-2 years are more likely to be affected by the diseases and disorders. More diseases were reported in the rainy season. Gastrointestinal diseases were found more common. Retrospective epidemiologic analysis of diseases for a period of 15 years or more will help to identify risk factors of diseases. Identification of risk factors of diseases will help to initiate efficient control program.

Knowledge Management: Journal