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Effect of Various Factors on the Development of Leaf Spot Disease in Mulberry

L. Ghosh
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi

F. A. Neela
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi

M. F. Mahal
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi

M. J. Khatun
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi

M. R. Ali
BSRTI, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effect of various factors such as temperature, relative humidity, balanced fertilizer and plant spacing on the development of leaf spot disease in mulberry caused by Cercospora moricola was studied. High disease development was recorded in the month of August and September when outdoor temperature and relative humidity were 25-30 ºC and above 80%, respectively. Application of balanced fertilizer and plant spacing on this disease development was also studied and showed a distinct effect on severity of this disease. A balanced dose application of NPK fertilizer decreased disease severity to 6-8%. Balanced fertilizer application in the soil resulted lower infection by leaf pathogen in comparison with imbalanced fertilizer application in the soil. Disease development was also found to be high at close plant spacing (60 × 60) cm than distance spacing (90 × 90) cm.

Keywords: Cercospora moricola, Environment, Leaf spot, Mulberry

Location: Bangladesh Sericulture Research and Training Institute, Rajshahi

Start Date: 00-04-2004

End Date: 00-09-2006

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Mulberry

Objectives:

1. To evaluate the effect of temperature and relative humidity of the air, application of balanced fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer to the soil and plant spacing on the development of leaf spot disease in mulberry.

Methodology:

In order to evaluate the effect of temperature and relative humidity (RH) on the development of leaf spot disease in mulberry, percentage of leaf infection and disease index were studied at one month interval during April to September of the year 2004 to 2006. Three low cut mulberry plots were selected for the study in three different locations of Bangladesh Sericulture Research and Training Institute, Rajshahi. From each plot 15 plants were selected and disease incidence was studied. The plot size was (20 × 20) m and plant to plant spacing was 120 cm. Disease development in normal environmental conditions was studied. To study the effect of balanced dose of NPK fertilizer on the leaf spot disease development, a three years old low cut mulberry varieties viz., BM-1, BM-2, BM-3 and BM-4 plot was selected. The plot size was (20 × 15) m with plant to plant and row spacing of 120 cm and 90 cm, respectively. The plot was divided into two parts and in the first part, balanced NPK fertilizer dose of 300:150:100 kg/ha was applied along with 15000 kg/ha of organic fertilizer. In the other part only 15000 kg/ha of organic fertilizer was applied. Both the parts were given other cultural practices when necessary. All the plants were pruned in a day. After 30 days of pruning conidial suspension of C. moricola was sprayed equally to all the plants and allow growing normally. After 30 days conidial spray, percentage of leaf infection and disease index (DI) were recorded. In order to study effect of plant spacing on the leaf spot disease development a high bush mulberry plot was raised with three different spacing; in one plot plant to plant and row to row distance was 60 cm, in the second plot the distance were 60 and 90 cm, respectively. In the third plot the distance was 90 cm. Crown heights of all the plants under different spacing were maintained at 75 cm. Two and three years old selected high bush plant were used for this study. All the plants of three different spacing were pruned in a day. The plants were allowed to be naturally infected during the rainy months of June, July and August. After 80 days of pruning, disease development was studied. In this study leaf infection (%), plant height, % of disease index (DI) and leaf yield of mulberry against leaf spot disease were studied. In all cases total numbers of diseased and healthy leaves were recorded in three long branches of each plant to calculate disease index (DI) according to grading method. Grading method followed as:0 = No infection (Healthy), I = 1-5%, II = 6-25%, III = 26-50%, IV = 51-75%, V = 76-100%.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 205 - 209, 2012; ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study suggested that farmers can be forewarned about the possible development and spread of the leaf spot disease of mulberry so that proper management of the disease can be done. To increase the productivity of silk, information regarding importance of NPK and proper dose of organic fertilizer along with proper plant spacing are also important to manage the severity of the disease.

Knowledge Management: Journal