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In Vitro Plant Production Through Apical Meristem Culture of Bitter Gourd (momordica Charantia L.)

A. K. M. N. Huda
Department of Genetics and Breeding, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi

B. Sikdar
Department of Genetics and Breeding, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The growth of meristem was observed on semisolid MS medium supplemented with 0.05 mg/l Kn + 0.1 mg/l GA3. After three weeks, meristems were transferred to MS supplemented with BA, Kn, IBA, NAA and IAA singly or in combination for shoot elongation and root initiation. Among different treatments for shoot initiation with elongation were obtained in MS supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BA + 0.1 mg/l IBA + 0.3 mg/l GA3. On the other hand good rooting was observed when 0.5 mg/l IBA and 0.1 mg/l NAA were used to fortify MS semisolid medium. Ten weeks old in vitro plantlets were successfully planted in soil through gradual acclimation

Keywords: Apical meristem, Bitter gourd, In vitro, Plant production

Location: Rajshahi

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Bitter gourd

Objectives:

The present investigation was undertaken to develop standard protocol for obtaining healthy disease free bitter gourd plants through meristem culture.

Methodology:

Two genotypes, namely large fruited BGGB1 and small fruited BGGB14 bitter gourd plants established in the Fruit Research Station, Binodpur, Rajshahi were used for culture initiation. Very young fresh shoot tips were carefully excised from the field-grown plants. Shoot tips were sterilized with a solution of 0.1 g/l HgCl₂ with constant stirring for 2 - 3 min followed by four rinses with autoclaved distilled water. Meristems with immature leaves and leaf primordia were snapped off. Then the excised meristems were cultured in semisolid MS supplemented with different kinds of growth regulators either singly or in combinations (Table 1). After three weeks, the established isolated meristems were subcultured on semisolid MS medium for five to six weeks using different concentrations of BA, GA₃, IBA and NAA either singly or in combinations for shoot elongation and root formation. All cultures were incubated at 25 ± 2°C under 16 h photoperiod. The medium was semisolidified with 6 g/l of agar and sucrose was used. The pH of media was adjusted at 5.8 before autoclaving. After ten weeks, healthy plantlets with leaves and roots were successfully planted in soil through gradual acclimation.

Source of Information: Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 16(1): 31-36, 2006 (June

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

After seven weeks these shoots were transferred to a rooting medium supplemented with various types of auxin. In case of root formation the medium with 0.1 mg/l NAA and 0.5 mg/l IBA was found to be the best formulation for bitter gourd. Efficiency of IBA in root induction was also observed in Vigna mungo and grape. After ten weeks, the well rooted plantlets were taken out very carefully from test tubes and roots were washed gently and transplanted to small poly bags containing sterilized soil. They were covered with transparent polythene bags to maintain high humidity and kept in the growth chamber for seven days. Within seven days the plantlets began to form new leaves and resumed fresh growth. Plantlets were successfully acclimated with natural condition through gradual increase of duration of exposure to sunlight. After acclimatization, the plantlets were transplanted to soil

Knowledge Management: Journal