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Increased Regeneration Efficiency in Seed Derived Callus of Rice (oryza Sativa L.)

A. K. M. Mohiuddin
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail

Shahanaz Sultana
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur

Jannatul Ferdous
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur

Nilufer Hye Karim
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In five cultivated rice varieties e.g., Nonabokra, PNR 381, Taipei 309, Koshika and TKM 11 the response in the initiation of callus and its size varied greatly among varieties, salt concentrations (NaCl and Na₂SO₄) and their interaction. Better regeneration ability of Nonabokra, Koshika and TKM 11 was found to be correlated to small size callus with a high concentration of Na₂SO₄. The regeneration ability found here was dependent on variety/genotype, callus type and size, source of salt and their concentration. Regeneration ability enhanced three - tenfolds from Na₂SO₄ stressed callus compared to the control i.e. without Na₂SO₄_. Vigorous rooting was also observed in the regenerated plants obtained from the calli induced in the medium containing Na₂SO₄_. In NaCl supplemented medium, on the other hand, regeneration and rooting ability were poor.

Keywords: Rice varieties, Regeneration efficiency, Shoot regeneration, High frequency

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Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Knowledge Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

In this paper, the result of NaCl and Na₂SO₄ stress on the seeds of five cultivated indica rice varieties are reported in so far as their effects on enhancement of embryogenic calli production as well as increased regeneration rates

Methodology:

Mature seeds of five indica rice varieties e.g., Taipei 309, Nonabokra, TKM 11, PNR 381 and Koshika were used in this study as test materials. Seeds were dehusked manually and sterilized in 0.1% HgCl₂ for 20 minutes followed by extensive washing under laminar airflow cabinet. The healthy and unwrinkled seeds of each variety were sorted out and cultured in callus induction medium (CIM) containing MS basal medium consisting of macro, micro nutrients, iron, vitamins, Myo-inositol, 3% sucrose with 2.0 mg/l 2, 4-D. Four different concentrations of NaCl and Na₂SO₄(0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 g/l) were added to the medium.Well developed, phenotypically normal and extensively rooted plantlets were chosen for acclimatization. The acclimatized plants were then transferred to soil in pot with Yoshida's (Yoshida et al. 1962) nutrient solution for further growth and development. Data on callus initiation, callus size, its structure, and regeneration efficiency under control as well as salt treatments were recorded.The number of green and albino plants produced and the number of green plants survived during acclimatization were also recorded. A descriptive analysis was conducted using the recorded data

Source of Information: Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 16(1): 45-52, 2006 (June)

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Funding Source:

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Achievement/Findings:

Normal, healthy and green plants regenerated from all varieties cultured with either NaCl or Na₂SO₄ as a supplement. Only one albino plant regenerated from Taipei 309 at the concentration of 5.0 g/l Na₂SO₄_. The absence or presence of either NaCl or Na₂SO₄ resulted in green plant regeneration from all varieties tested. The green plants were successfully acclimatised to ambient humidity level and transferred to soil in pots for agronomic study. Our study revealed that Na₂SO₄in a particular concentration is an important ingredient for better embryogenic callus initiation as well as better rate of regeneration and rooting ability. The findings would be useful for development of varieties through gene transformation technique

Knowledge Management: Journal