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Impacts of Plough Pan on Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil

M. Podder

M. Akter
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail

A. S. M. Saifullah
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail

S. Roy
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was carried out to find out the impacts of plough pan on physical and chemical properties of soil. For this purpose, soil samples were collected from two locations of Basail upazila in Tangail dristrict, one having compact plough pan layer in subsoil (site-1) and other one with no plough pan layer (site-2). A survey was also conducted on land use pattern in these areas to get the causes of plough pan formation. In site-1, rice is the dominant crop and in site-2 shallow rooted crops such as mustard, potato, onion etc. are grown. In site-1, organic C, N, K, S, Zn contents were found higher and the concentrations of C, N, K, P, S and Zn decreased from topsoil to lower layers, whereas, concentrations increased to subsoil layer except P in case of site-2.

Keywords: Chemical property, Physical property, Plough pan

Location: Basail upazila of Tangail district

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soil fertility

Objectives:

1. To find out the possible causes and effects of plough pan layer on physical and chemical properties of soil.

Methodology:

The study area belongs to Basail upazila of Tangail district where rice cultivation is dominant and sufficient to allow plough pan formation. The geographic location of this area is 24°13'N latitude and 90°03'E longitude and the total land area is 157.78 km², belongs to Brahmaputra Floodplain. Soil samples were collected from different sites of Hunduli mouza in Basail upzila. Samples were collected using soil core sampler from different depths. Collected samples were placed in sealed polythene bags and labeled indicating date of collection, location and code number of soil sample. The samples were then carried to the laboratory of the Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management (ESRM) at Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University (MBSTU), Tangail. Each samples were kept separately on a brown paper and collected samples were dried at room temperature for 15-20 days. The soil samples were kept in a clean polythene bag and then transported to the Soil Resource Development Institute (SRDI) laboratory of Rajshahi areal branch for the analysis of soil pH, organic matter, available phosphorus (P), available sulfur (S), total nitrogen (N), potassium (K) and zinc (Zn). A questionnaire survey was also conducted in the areas to know the knowledge of local people about plough pan, the cultural practices that they commonly follow in rice cultivation etc. The moisture contents of air-dried soil samples were determined by oven-drying known amount of soil in an electric oven at 105^oC for 24 hours until constant weight was obtained, and the moisture percentage was calculated by the loss of moisture from the samples. Textural classes were determined by Hydrometer method. Textural classes were determined by Marshall’s Triangular Co-ordinates as designed by the United States Department of Agriculture. The pH of soil water suspension was determined using Equiptronics pH meter. Organic carbon of the soil samples was determined by wet oxidation method of Walkley and Black. Organic matter content was determined by ultiplying the percent value of organic carbon with the conventional Van-Bemmelen’s factor of 1.724. The nitrogen content of the soil was determined by distilling soil with alkaline potassium permanganate solution. The distillate was collected in 20 ml of 2% boric acid solution with methyl red and bromocresol green indicator and titrated with 0.02 N sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄). The sulfur content of the soil was determined by spectrophotometer at 535 nm. The available K was determined by flame photometric method after extracting the K with 1 N ammonium acetate. The available P of the soil was determined by spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 890 nm. The soil sample was extracted by Olsen method with 0.5 M NaHCO₃. Zn was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) after extracting with DTPA. SPSS, Microsoft Excel program were used to process and analyze the data obtained from various analyses.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 289-294, 2012; ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study has been conducted the impact of plough pan on soil environment especially through rice cultivation. Nutrient status in study area is very poor where crop rotation practices are extremely important increasing soil productivity. Use of bio-fertilizer must be applied to reduced soil compaction and increase soil health condition, and the Organic crop rotation practice could reduce plough pan reformation in the study areas.

Knowledge Management: Journal