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Effect of Bulking Materials on Composting of Layer Litter

F. Alam
Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202,Bangladesh.

M. A. Hashem
Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202,Bangladesh.

M. M. Rahman
Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202,Bangladesh.

S. E. M Rahman
Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202,Bangladesh.

M. M. Hossain
Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202,Bangladesh.

Z. Rahman
Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202,Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was carried out to examine the possibilities of making compost by using layer litter with different bulking materials and to assess the nutritive value of compost. To fulfill the objectives five treatments were considered e.g., anaerobic composting with layer litter (T₁), layer litter with straw (T₂), layer litter with tree leaves (T₃), layer litter with crop residues (T₄) and layer litter with saw dust (T₅) under soil surface. The samples from composted materials were collected at 0, 10, 20 and 30 days for proximate analysis. At 0 day of layer litter composting DM content did not vary significantly (p>0.01) var ied in all treatments.. At 10 day of layer litter composting DM content was the highest in T₄(50.0%) and CF content was the highest in T₂ (22.2%). CP content remained similar varied in all treatments. At 20 day of layer litter composting DM content was highest in T₄ (51.5%), CP content was the highest in T₄ (19.5%), CF content was the highest in T₂ (18.0%), Ash content was the highest in T₄(18.5%). At 30 day of layer litter composting DM content was the highest in T2 (51.1%) and CP content was the highest in T₄ (17.6%). The pH value decreased upto first tendays then gradually increased with the composting period and highest value was obtained by T₁(8.40) then followed by T₂ (8.20), T3 (8.15), T5 (8.10) and T₄ (8.00) (p<0.01) at 30 d of composting. The C/N ratios increased (p<0.01) in all treatments with the advancing of composting period and highest value was obtained in T₄ (27.9) followed by T₁(26.7), T₅ (26.3), T₃ (26.2) and T₂ (25.3) considerably with the composting period. So, it may be concluded that proximate composition of all samples at 20 days in T4 treatment was acceptable up to the end of composting period. However, composting layerlitter with crop residues (T₄) was more effective compare to other treatments at 20 days of composting in terms of Dry matter, CP content, C/N ration and pH.

Keywords: Bulking agents, Chemical composition, Layer litter

Location: Goat and Sheep farm, Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-02-2012

End Date: 01-03-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Organic fertilizer

Objectives:

1. To determine the effectiveness of different bulking materials in reducing time of composting layer litter and to assess the quality of the end product as manure.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out in the Goat and Sheep farm, Department of Animal Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, for the period of 30 days i.e. from 01 February to 01 March 2012. The experiment was laid out in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replicate in each treatment. A place of comparatively high land was selected to prepare 15 similar pits whose diameter were 75 cm and depth 45 cm. Polyethylene bags were set at the bottom and side wall of the pits to prevent leaching and water contamination from compost. After collection, all bulking materials except the sawdust were cut by chopping machine to mix properly with layer droppings. The treatments of the experiment were only layer litter (T₁₎, layer litter with straw (T₂), layer litter with tree leaves (T₃), layer litter with crop residues (T₄) and layer litter with saw dust (T₅). In each treatment, 20 kg layer droppings were mixed with the bulking materials to fix the moisture level at 50%. After proper mixing of the materials, sample was collected from each treatment for chemical analysis. Then the materials were placed in previously prepared pits according to the treatment, covered with eight cm soil layer and kept for 30 days. For chemical analysis samples were taken at 10 days intervals from all composting pits and pH of compost was determined by using a laboratory pH -mV meter (ino Lab, Germany) after putting 2g sample in 50 ml distill water. Dry matter was determined by drying the compost at 65°C for 48h. Crude Protein (CP) was measured using Kjeldahl method (N × 6.25) while other proximate constituents, ether extract (EE), ash, crude fiber(CF) and nitrogen free extract (NFE) were determined. For determination of carbon nitrogen (C/N) ratio, Carbon is calculated from organic matter divided by 1.73 factors and nitrogen from crude protein divided by 5.88 constant factors. The C/N ratio is a parameter used to determine the compost is nitrogen stable. The data were analyzed using the “SAS” statistical program to compute analysis of variance (ANOVA) for a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and significant mean values were tested with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 141 - 144, 2013; ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded that proximate composition of all samples at 20 days in T₄(layer litter with crop residues) treatment was acceptable up to the end of composting period. However, composting layerlitter with crop residues (T₄) was more effective compare to other treatments at 20 days of composting in terms of Dry matter, CP content, C/N ration and pH.

Knowledge Management: Journal