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Evaluation of Three Botanicals, Bavistin and BAU-biofungicide for Controlling Leaf Spot of Groundnut Caused by Cercospora Arachidicola and Cercosporidium Personatum

M. H. Hossain
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Comilla, Bangladesh

I. Hossain
Dept. of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of three selected botanicals namely leaf extract of Neem (Azadirachta indica), Debdaru (Polyalthia longifolia) and datura (black) (Datura metel) along with Bavistin (Carbendazim) and BAU-biofungicide (Trichoderma harzianum) against leaf spot disease (tikka) of groundnut caused by Cercospora arachidicola and Cercosporidium personatum at the Field Research Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during 2009-10. The most effective treatments were Bavistin, BAU-biofungicide (seed treatment + spray), BAUbiofungicide (spray) and leaf extract of Neem. Bavistin increased pod and dry haulm yield by 53.51 and 24-80 %, respectively. Maximum pod yield and dry haulm weight were recorded under Bavistin. BAU-biofungicide (seed treatment + spray) produced the second highest pod and dry haulm yield followed by leaf extract of Neem and BAU-biofungicide (spray). BAU-biofungicide (seed treatment + spray) and leaf extract of Neem may be recommended for controlling leaf spot disease of groundnut.

Keywords: Groundnut, Leaf spot disease, Botanicals, BAU-biofungicide and Bavistin

Location: The Field Research Farm, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-2009

End Date: 00-05-2010

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Ground nut, Fungicide

Objectives:

To evaluate three botanicals along with BAU-biofungicide and Bavistin on leaf spot of groundnut under natural epiphytotic conditions.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the Field Research Farm, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during November 2009 to May 2010 to evaluate three selected botanicals, BAUbiofungicide and Bavistin against leaf spot (tikka) disease of groundnut. Treatments such as Bavistin 50WP (Carbendazim) (0.1%), BAU biofungicide (2.5 %) (Trichoderma harzianum based preparation), leaf extract of Neem (Azadirachta indica) @ 25% (w/v), Debdaru (Polyalthia longifolia) @10 % (w/v) and Datura (black) (Datura metel) @ 20 % (w/v) were used. The experiment was carried out by using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Suspension of all materials was used as foliar spray. Additional two treatments were maintained where seeds were treated with BAU-biofungicide, and seed treatment and foliar spray with the biofungicide. So, there were altogether eight treatments including a control. Seeds were treated with BAU-biofungicide (2.5% of seed weight). The spray was started from 88 days after sowing and continued for 5 times at 19 days before harvest. The sprays of fungicide, botanicals and BAU-biofungicide were applied at 15 days interval with the help of a self compressed hand sprayer to cover the foliage parts of plants. The individual size of the plot was 3.5 m x 1.6 m. The seeds of groundnut variety Dhaka-1 were sown @ 110 kg ha^-1 maintaining seed to seed and line to line distances 10 cm and 40 cm, respectively on November 25, 2009. Fertilizers were applied @ 10:70:50:30 and 2 kg ha^-1 N: P: K: S and B in the form of Urea, TSP, MoP, Gypsum and Boric acid, respectively. Cow dung was applied @ 10 t ha^-1. Half of urea, the entire amount of TSP, MoP, gypsum, boric acid and cow dung were applied at the time of final land preparation. The reaming amount of urea was top dressed at 55 days after sowing. The crop was irrigated whenever necessary. Intercultural operations were done as and when necessary for the normal growth of the crop. Data on plant height, number of total, infected and defoliated leaves plant^-1, number of lesion leaf^-1 and leaf spot incidence (%) were recorded. Incidence of leaf spot under different treatments was calculated following the formula:

Leaf spot incidence (%) = (Number of infected leaves plant^-1 /Total number of leaves plant^-1) × 100

The crop was harvested after 167 days of sowing on May 10, 2010. After harvest, data on number and weight of total, mature and immature pods plant^-1, weight of 100-pods, dry haulm and shelling (%) were also recorded. All data were analyzed statistically following MSTAT- C computer program.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 12(1): 41-49 (2014) ISSN 2304-7321 (Online), ISSN 1729-5211 (Print), A Scientific Journal of Krishi Foundation

Article Link (Online Journal): http://banglajol.info/index.php/AGRIC/article/view/19579/13540

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on the findings of the present study, it may be concluded that BAU-biofungicide or leaf extract of A. indica can successfully be used for eco-friendly management of leaf spot (tikka) disease of groundnut and to obtain higher yield by avoiding fungicidal chemical. However, more research on biological control under different agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh is required for achieving the desired goal.

Knowledge Management: Journal