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Repellent Activity of Abroma Augusta Extracts Against Tribolium Castaneum (herbst) Adults

Omar Ali Mondal
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Jahurul Haque
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Esarul Haque
Department of Zoology, Premtali Degree College, Godagari–Rajshahi,Bangladesh

Ataur Rahman Khan
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Context: Repellency test can play an important role in special environmental conditions. Objectives: The main objective of this study was to make a standard protocol to control the pest by screening the test materials using adult beetles by repellency test to see whether or not the extracts contain any potential to repel the stored grain pest. Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted in choice chamber, which was divided by half filter paper discs (Whatman No. 40, diameter 9 cm). One half of the filter paper was loaded with untreated (control) and the other half was loaded with the extract of A. augusta. All the CHCl₃ extracts were separately applied onto each of the half-discs and allowed to dry out in the air for 10 mins. Each treated half-disc was then attached lengthwise, edge-to-edge, to a control half-disc with adhesive tape and placed in petri dishes. The orientation of the same was changed in the replicates to avoid the effects of any external directional stimulus affecting the distribution of the test insects Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Ten adult insects were released in the middle of each of the filter-paper circles and each test was replicated five times. Results: All the test extracts of seed, leaves, root wood, stem bark and stem wood of A. augusta collected in chloroform showed repellent activity against adult beetles of T. castaneum at dose levels of 314.540, 157.270, 78.635, 39.318, 19.659 and, 9.831 μg/cm² on filter paper. According to the intensity of repellency the results could be arranged in the order: stem bark >seed> root wood > leaf > stem wood and in all the cases significant differences were obtained. Conclusion: The present results revealed that A. augusta extracts can be used as a reduced risk repellent compound in the grain and cereal stores to manage the population of T. castaneum. The results also seen to be encouraging when there is a greater need for environment-friendly pesticides then ever before.

Keywords: Abroma augusta, Repellent activity, Tribolium castaneum.

Location: University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Extract (plant, seed)

Objectives:

The main objective of this study was to make a standard protocol to control the pest by screening the test materials using adult beetles by repellency test to see whether or not the extracts contain any potential to repel the stored grain pest.

Methodology:

Preparation of plant materials for extraction: The fresh leaves, root wood, seeds, stem bark, and stem wood of A. augusta were collected from the campus of the University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. After drying under shade the plant materials were powdered in a grinder separately avoiding excess heat during grinding. Chemical extraction of the collected materials: Chloroform was selected as a solvent to extract different parts of A. augusta separately. The ground dried materials, viz. leaves, root wood, seeds, stem bark, and stem-wood were extracted with sufficient amounts of chloroform (500g × 1500ml × 3 times) for each of the items. Separate extracts were collected by the cool method after 72 hrs of plunging for each of the materials. Extracts, thus obtained, were subjected to filtration and evaporation of the solvent. The residue was left and kept in a refrigerator after proper labeling. Preparation of doses with the crude extracts: A general concentration for each of the extracts was selected as stock dose to make other successive doses by serial dilution to give 314.540, 157.270, 78.635, 39.318, 19.659 and, 9.831 μg/cm² for all the extracts.Application of doses: The repellency test used in this experiment was adopted from McDonald et al. (1970) with some modifications by Talukder and Howse (1993, 1994). Half filter paper discs (Whatman No. 40, diameter 9 cm) were prepared and selected doses of all the CHCl₃ extracts were separately applied onto each of the half-discs and allowed to dry out in the air for 10 mins. Each treated half-disc was then attached lengthwise, edge-to-edge, to a control half-disc with adhesive tape and placed in petri dishes. The orientation of the same was changed in the replica to avoid the effects of any external directional stimulus affecting the distribution of the test insects. Ten adult insects were released in the middle of each of the filter-paper circles and each test was replicated five times. Observation and analysis of repellency data: Insects that settled on the non-treated half of the filter paper discs were counted after 1 h and then at hourly intervals for 5 hrs. The average of the counts was converted to percent repellency (PR) using the formula of Talukder and Howse (1993, 1995): PR = 2(C - 50), Where, C is the percentage of insects on the untreated half of the disc. Positive values expressed repellency and negative values for attractant activity. The data obtained as percent repellency was developed by arcsin transformation for the calculation of ANOVA. The experiment was conducted at room temperature of 30± ^oC..

Source of Information: J. bio-sci. 20: 49-55, 2012 ISSN 1023-8654

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present results revealed that A. augusta extracts can be used as reduced risk repellent compounds in the grain and cereal stores to manage the population of T. castaneum. The results also seem to be encouraging when there is a greater need for environment-friendly pesticides than ever before.

Knowledge Management: Journal