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Effect of Dwarf and Naked Neck Gene on the Egg Production Performance in Tropics

M. K. Uddin
Laboratory of Applied Greenstock Science, Faculty of Bioresources, Mie University, Japan

M. Ahammed
Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M. R. Rahman
School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Bangladesh Open University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. A. R. Howlider
Department of Poultry Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Cocks and pullets from each of 4 genotypes; Redbro (RbRb), Naked neck (NaNa), Redbro dwarf (Rbdw) and Naked neck dwarf (Nadw) were crossed reciprocally for egg production trial. Egg quality (egg weight, egg diameter, egg length, shell thickness, membrane thickness, membrane weight, shell weight, % of shell, yolk color score, albumen diameter, albumen height, yolk diameter and yolk weight) were compared among 4 genotypes. Daily feed intakes, almost related to respected body size were reduced in Rbdw and Nadw hens by 7.41 and 19.89% than in normal sized RbRb hens. The feed conversion and hen day egg production were highest in Rbdw, intermediate in RbRb and Nadw and lowest in NaNa. Naked neck (Na) and dwarf genotypes had favorable effect on egg fertility and hatchability. Parents in both Na and dw inheritance had favorable shell thickness, shell membrane weight (%), albumen height and diameter, yolk height and diameter, albumen weight and albumen weight (%) and yolk weight, while NaNa had highest yolk weight (%). Both egg weight and chick weight percent were highest in RbRb x Rbdw genotypes, followed by RbRb, RbRb x Nadw, RbRb x NaNa, Rbdw x RbRb, Rbdw, Rbdw x Nadw, Rbdw x NaNa, Nadw x RbRb, Nadw x Rbdw, Nadw, Nadw x NaNa, NaNa x RbRb, NaNa x Rbdw, NaNa x Nadw and NaNa respectively. Chick weight as percent of egg weight irrespective of genotype was simply the functions of egg weight.

Keywords: Dwarf gene, Naked neck gene, Egg production

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

To know the effect of naked neck and dwarf genes on egg production performance.

Methodology:

The entire experiment was conducted in an open-sided house of Bangladesh Agricultural University Poultry farm. A total of 20 cocks and 200 pullets were divided into 4 genotypes (Rbrb, Rbdw, NaNa and Nadw), each group consists of 5 cocks and 50 pullets. The birds were reared in cages for a period of 36 weeks from 25 to 65 weeks of age. During the whole experimental period all birds had an ad-libitum access to the balanced feed according to their age. Lighting period was maintained 16 hours daily with 8 hours darkness. Eggs were collected twice daily at 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. respectively. Thirty six eggs from each of the 4 genotypes were collected to observe egg quality characteristics. The production performances of hen of each groups was recorded based on the egg production, egg weight, feed intake, egg mass production and feed conversion ratio. The egg shape index was determined by calculating the width and length of each egg using the formula derived by Reddy et al. (1965). Following is the formula of calculation : Shape index = Average width of egg/Average length of egg. Albumen index = Average height of albumen/Average diameter of albumen. Yolk index = Average height of yolk/Average width of yolk. HU = 100 log ( H+7.57-1.7W0.37). Where H = height of thick albumen and W = egg weight. Yolk color was determined by comparing with the Roche Yolk Colour (RYC) Fan (F. Hoffman and La Roche Ltd., Switzerland). After oven drying, shell thickness (mm) and shell membrane thickness (mm) were measured by means of shell thickness meter (Ogawa Shiki Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). The breaking strength was calculated by the following formula : Average breaking strength = 50.86 x (EW) 0.915. Where EW = egg weight.The shell and shell membranes were then oven dried separately at 105^oC over night on glass petridishes. On the following day, oven dried shell and shell membranes were allowed to cool in desiccators and weighed. Drying of shell and shell membranes were counted in an oven until constant weight was obtained. Finally the weight of different components of the shell were determined as per the suggestion made by Chowdhury (1988). All the recorded and calculated data were analysid for ANOVA (Steel and Torrie, 1980) using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Significant differences to compare mean values of all the recorded and calculated parameters among the treatments were tasted by using Least Significant Differences (LSD). The data of egg production, egg quality characteristics of four genotypes chicken were analyzed using factorial experiment in a CRD.

Source of Information: Progress. Agric. 18(2) : 115-121, 2007 ISSN 1017-8139

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

According to the results obtained, the normal x dwarf chicken had higher performance of hen day egg production than that of broiler parents. The hen day egg production of naked neck dwarf line (Nadw) was almost comparable to that of broiler breeder (RbRb). The fertility and hatchability of Na inheritance was higher in the hot humid climates which implies that it has the opportunity to genetic improvement of local chicken for hot humid climates. Chick weight as percent of egg weight irrespective of genotype was simply the functions of egg weight.

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