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Assessment of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Association in Some Fruit Plants in Bangladesh

Delowara Khanam
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Rhizosphere soils of 19 fruit plants from horticultural farm of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur were assessed for arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) spore population and determining colonization in their roots. The spore numbers recorded ranged from 48.0 (Citrus limon) to 1,050 (Annona reticulata) per 100 g soil in 2004, 41.0 (Citrus grandis) to 916.7 (Phyllanthus emblica) in 2005 and 44.3 (Citrus grandis) to 575.0 (Syzygium samarangense, white) in 2006. A considerable variation was observed in average spore numbers recorded in three consecutive years. Different fruit plants showed different percentages of root colonization by AM fungi. Among all the fruit plants, the highest colonization (86.7%) was found in Syzygium jambos and Elaeocarpus floribundus and the lowest colonization (20.0%) was recorded in Syzygium samarangense (red).

Keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), Colonization, Spore population, Fruit plants

Location: BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2004

End Date: 00-00-2006

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Bio fertilizer

Objectives:

To know the percent root colonization of fruit plants and the number of AM spores in the rhizosphere soils for producing suitable inoculum for future use in different fruit crops.

Methodology:

Nineteen fruit plants from Horticultural farm of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur were selected for the assessment of arbuscular mycorrhizal association. Rhizosphere soils were collected in three consecutive years (2004- 2006) from the same plants and places. Assessment of spore population was done by following the wet sieving and decanting method⁹^. Spores were observed under stereomicroscope and the number of spores was counted. Spore numbers from the three replicates per sample were averaged and the result was expressed as number per 100 g of dry soil basis. The root pieces of each plant species were stained according to Koske and Gemma¹⁰. The root pieces were boiled in 2.5% KOH solution for 30 min at 90°C. Then, the root segments were washed in water several times and acidified with 1% HCl solution for 24 h.Heavily pigmented roots were bleached in 10% H₂O₂ for 20 to 60 min. Again these segments were boiled for 30 min in 0.05% aniline blue at a temperature of 90°C. Subsequently, the stained roots were destained at room temperature using acidic glycerol. Root colonization (%) of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) was estimated by root slide technique11. One hundred root segments were examined for each sample. The stained root pieces were mounted in acidic glycerol on slides covered with cover slips that were slightly pressed. The stained roots were observed under a microscope. A root segment was considered as positively infected, if it showed mycelium, vesicles and arbuscules, or any other combination of these structural characteristics of AM colonization. The presence or absence of colonization in the root pieces was recorded and the percent of root colonization was calculated as Root colonization(%) = No. of AM positive segments/ Total no of segments score x 100 psysical properties were determined of a composite soil sample following ASI method ¹².

Source of Information: Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 1, June 2007, pp 34-37

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

A considerable variation was observed in average spore numbers recorded in three consecutive years. Different fruit plants showed different percentages of root colonization by AM fungi. Among all the fruit plants, the highest colonization (86.7%) was found in Syzygium jambos and Elaeocarpus floribundus and the lowest colonization (20.0%) was recorded in Syzygium samarangense (red).

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