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Study on Environmental Implications and Its Impact on Aquatic Productivity in the Southwest Coastal Region

M. N. Islam
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

M. A. B. Bhuyain
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

M. A. Mannan
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. I. Hossain
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

M. L. Ali
Faculty of Fisheries, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted on environmental implications and its impact on aquatic productivity in the southwest coastal region for a period of 2 months (May-June/2013). Five Rivers such as Pira River, Andarmanik River, Sonatala River, Khaprabhanga River and Rupsaha River were selected for sample collection and were treated as T1, T2, T3 T4 and T5. Three sampling sites were selected from each River based on salinity. The overall mean values of water temperature were 28.17 ±0.98, 27.41 ±1.21, 28.12 ± 1.11 and 27.13 ± 1.26, 26.62 ± 1.01⁰C in treatment T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively. The mean values of water transparency of treatments T1 T2 T3 T4 and T5 were 36.00±1.26, 31.0±0.0894, 34.00±1.94, 28.00±1.46 and 31.00±1.86cm, respectively. The overall mean values of water temperature were 6.56 ± 0.12, 6.47 ±0.23, 6.34 ± 0.12, 6.19 ± 0.22, and 6.67 ± 0.29 ppm in treatment T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. pH values were found to fluctuate from 6.72 to 7.64, 6.48 to 7.13, 6.95 to 7.35 and 6.86 to 7.6 in treatment T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. Mean values of total salinity were 2.17 ±0.12, 6.17 ±0.82, 7.17 ±0.92, 10.17 ±0.1.12 and 1.78 ±0.12 mg/l in treatment T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. Mean values of total alkalinity were 187.5±2.25, 165.5±3.1, 185.5±2.15, 175±2.5 and 180.5±3 mg/l in treatment T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. Mean values of total alkalinity were 187.5±2.25, 165.5±3.1, 185.5±2.15, 175±2.5 and 180.5±3 mg/l in treatment T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. Mean values of total alkalinity were 187.5±2.25, 165.5±3.1, 185.5±2.15, 175±2.5 and 180.5±3 mg/l in treatment T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. Total hardness of water was found to range from 37 mg/l to199 mg/l. The mean values of NH₃-N (mgl^-1) were found to vary from 0.23 ± 0.03 ,0.27 ±0.08, 0.23 ±0.03, 0.25 ±0.03 and 0.27 ± 0.05 mgl-1 in treatment T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. The mean values of nitrite (NO₂) concentration were 0.63±0.06, 0.68 ±0.08, 0.67±0.09, 0.73±0.03 and 0.67±0.06 mgl-1 in treatment T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. There were no significantly different of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and alkalinity among the treatments but significance difference found in transparency, salinity, hardness, ammonia, nitrite using ANOVA (P<0.05). Ammonia and nitrite concentration of Rupsha River (T5) higher than other four Rivers due to municipal waste product of Khulna city. A proportionally strong relationship was found among salinity, transparency and hardness. Highest concentration of phytoplankton was found in Rupsha River (lowest salinity) and lowest phytoplankton concentration was found in Khaprabhanga River (highest salinity).

Keywords: Environment, Phytoplankton, River, Water quality

Location: 5 Rivers have 3 sampling stations, varying salinities. Pira River, Andarmanik River, Sonatala River, Khaprabhanga River and Rupsaha River

Start Date: 00-05-2013

End Date: 00-06-2013

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Water quality

Objectives:

1. To study on environmental implications and its impact on aquatic productivity in the southwest coastal region

Methodology:

This experiment has been carried out in 5 Rivers have 3 sampling stations, varying salinities. Pira River, Andarmanik River, Sonatala River, Khaprabhanga River and Rupsaha River Water quality parameters including physical, chemical and biological parameters were determined. Plankton samples were collected from each River and pond. A bucket contained two liters of water was used to collect 10 liters of water from five different places and depth of the pond and passed through fine mesh (25 μm) plankton net. The concentrated samples were transferred to a measuring cylinder and carefully made up to a standard volume of 50 ml with distilled water. Then the collected plankton samples were preserved in 10% buffered formalin in small plastic bottles each for subsequent studies. From each 50 ml preserved sample, 1 ml sub-sample was examined by using a Sedge Wick-Rafter cell (S-R cell) and a binocular microscope (Olympus CH-40) with phase contrast facilities. The Sedge Wick-Rafter counting cell is a special type of slide having a counting chamber which is 50 mm long, 20 mm wide and 1mm deep, the volume of the chamber is 1 ml. The counting chamber is equally divided into 1000 fields, each having a volume of 0.001 ml. One ml sub sample from each sample was transferred to the cell and then all planktonic organisms present in 10 squares of the cell chosen randomly were identified and counted. Plankton identification was performed. For each pond, mean number of plankton was recorded and expressed numerically per liter of water. For the statistical analysis of data, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukeys Test was performed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science, version-12.0). Significant results (P<0.05) were further tested by using Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) at 5% level of significance to identify significant differences among means.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(2): 71 -78 , 2013; ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

There were no significantly different of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and alkalinity among the treatments but significance difference found in transparency, salinity, hardness, ammonia, nitrite using ANOVA (P<0.05). Ammonia and nitrite concentration of Rupsha River (T5) higher than other four Rivers due to municipal waste product of Khulna city. A proportionally strong relationship was found among salinity, transparency and hardness. Highest concentration of phytoplankton was found in Rupsha River (lowest salinity) and lowest phytoplankton concentration was found in Khaprabhanga River (highest salinity).

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