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Effects of Probiotics on Growth and Survival of Shrimp (penaeus Monodon) in Coastal Pond at Khulna, Bangladesh

M. I. Hossain
Gazi Fish Culture Ltd. Dacope, Khulna

M. M. Kamal
Gazi Fish Culture Ltd. Dacope, Khulna

M. A. Mannan
Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. A. B. Bhuyain
Institute of Marine Sciences & Fisheries, University of Chittagong

M. I. Hossain
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was carried out for 138 days to know the growth and survival rate of P. monodon by applying probiotics in Gazi Fish Culture Ltd. Dacope, Khulna, Bangladesh. Six experimental ponds (4000 m² in size i.e. one acre) were selected of which three were probiotic ponds and three were controlled. After pond preparation, PL15 (average weight of each 4.75±0.09 g) was stocked at the rate of 13 per m² following polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. CP NASA shrimp feed was used during the study period. Transparency, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, total Ammonia Nitrogen (TAN) were recorded by standard measurements. The average final body weight of the harvested shrimp is 37.67±1.15 g in probiotics ponds and 27.33±0.58 g in controlled ponds and the difference was significant (P < 0.01) between these two productions. The average survival rate was 90.67±1.15 % in probiotic pond and 71.00±3.0 % in controlled pond. The average daily gain (ADG) in weight was 0.27±0.01 g and 0.19±0.01 g in probiotic and controlled ponds, respectively. The result showed that probiotic plays an important role in maintaining water quality parameters, soil quality and health management as well as increases the growth and survival of shrimp.

Keywords: Probiotics; P. monodon; Water quality parameter; Growth rate; Survival rate.

Location: Gazi Fish culture Ltd., Dacope, Khulna, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Prawn

Objectives:

The present study, therefore, has been conducted with the objective of supplementing probiotics in the diet of P. monodon and assessing their growth performance and survival rate by semi intensive culture in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The study was done in Gazi Fish culture Ltd., Dacope, Khulna, Bangladesh. The culture was done for 138 days. Initially ponds were re-excavated and allowed to sun dry to increase the capacity of oxidation of hydrogen sulphide and to eliminate other obnoxious gases. The soil pH was recorded in the pond by pH meter. The average pH was calculated and required amount of lime was applied to maintain the optimum pH. The ponds were fenced by blue net to prevent entering virus carrier species. During the high tidal period the ponds were filling in the water by filtration with small mesh size filter net. The initial water levels in the ponds were maintained at 1.5 m level. After filling the pond, crab net was fitting surrounding the ponds. Ponds were bleached at 60 ppm bleaching, containing 30% chlorine. Four paddle wheel aerators (2 HP each) were set in the four corner position of the pond. For plankton growing the organic compounds and minerals such as rice bran, fish meal, molasses, yeast, dolomite, nutrilake, a-soil and soda mix were applied in the probiotics and controlled ponds. Water salinity, temperature, transparency, alkalinity, dissolve oxygen, pH, TAN were measured and monitored regularly. The water level was measured by using a hand made wooden scale with cm marking. The water salinity of the pond was measured by using a hand refrectometer (Erma-Japan). The pH, alkalinity, total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) of the pond water was recorded by using pH test kit, alkalinity kit and ammonia test kit respectively (Advance Pharma, Thailand). Water temperature was measured by using a standard centigrade thermometer. The dissolved oxygen (DO) was estimated by D. O. test kit (Advance Pharma, Thailand). Transparency was observed by using a secchi disc.The feeding schedule was based on the feed chart given by the CP Aquaculture (India) Pvt. Ltd. Company. Later the feeding was adjusted based on the check tray observation and body weight sampling. Four check trays were installed in each pond for monitoring feed intake. The required amount of feed were dispensed at certain interval in 24 hours period as follows- 25% in the morning (6.00am), 20% at noon (11.00 pm), 30% at evening (6.00 pm) and 25% at night (10.00pm). The feed was broadcasted by rope method. Additional water exchange was not done for the first 60 days. After that 12 cm of water was added regularly in every 15 days interval till harvesting begins. After 15 days of stocking, sampling of shrimp was done weekly during early hours of the day with a cast net and weights are recorded. Survival rate and average body weight (ABW) of the shrimp were estimated and condition of shrimp health was observed. All data were analyzed statistically using GraphPad Prism 5 statistical software (GraphPad Software, Inc., San Diego, CA) after they were checked for normal distribution and homogeneity of variance. Only percent data had to be arcsine transformed before analysis; however, non-transformed data are presented in tables. A student t-test was used to examine treatment effects on weight gain, survival, growth and production. All statistical analyses were considered significant at 5% (P < 0.05).

Source of Information: J. Sci. Res. 5 (2), 363-370 (2013)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The general conclusion obtained from the present study is that the probiotic plays a vital role in growth, survival and disease resistance of the aquatic animal by maintaining good water quality parameters throughout the culture period. Probiotic treatment offers a promising alternative to the antibiotics for fish and shrimp aquaculture system. In Bangladesh sustainable shrimp culture with probiotics is increasing day by day and unemployment can be mitigated through this sector. Further research is still needed to detect the mode of action of probiotic on P. monodon digestibility and its effect on immune response and stress resistance.

Knowledge Management: Journal